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Website. nppa.org. The National Press Photographers Association (NPPA) is an American professional association made up of still photographers, television videographers, editors, and students in the journalism field. Founded in 1946, the organization is based in at the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Georgia.
For example, Ansel Adams used darkroom exposure techniques to darken and lighten photographs. Other techniques include retouching using ink or paint, airbrushing, double exposure, piecing photos or negatives together in the darkroom, and scratching instant films. Software for digital image manipulation ranges from casual to professional skillsets.
Codes seek to define and delineate the difference between conduct and behavior that is malum in se, malum prohibitum, and good practice. Sometimes ethical codes include sections that are meant to give firm rules, but some offer general guidance, and sometimes the words are merely aspirational. In sum, a code of ethics is an attempt to codify ...
Professional ethics encompass the personal and corporate standards of behavior expected of professionals. [1] The word professionalism originally applied to vows of a religious order. By no later than the year 1675, the term had seen secular application and was applied to the three learned professions: divinity, law, and medicine. [2]
Professional responsibility applies to those professionals making judgments, applying their unique skills, and reaching informed decisions for, or on behalf, of others, as professionals. [2] Professionals must be seen to exercise due care and responsibility in their areas of specialisation – known as professions.
The Professional Photographers of America, as it is known today, was officially founded in April 1880 as the Photographers Association of America, Inc., [4] by members of the Chicago Photographic Association and the former National Photographic Association. In their first meeting in April, PAA elected John Ryder from Cleveland, Ohio, as its ...
A 19th century etching of a farmer consulting with his doctor, vicar and lawyer. A profession is a field of work that has been successfully professionalized. [1] It can be defined as a disciplined group of individuals, professionals, who adhere to ethical standards and who hold themselves out as, and are accepted by the public as possessing special knowledge and skills in a widely recognised ...
The Society of Professional Journalists first created its own code of ethics in 1973, which has been revised four times, most recently in 2014. [3] The SPJ code features four principles of ethical journalism: Seek Truth and Report It "Journalists should be honest, fair, and courageous in gathering, reporting, and interpreting information.