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Childbirth, also known as labour, parturition and delivery, is the completion of pregnancy where one or more babies exits the internal environment of the mother via vaginal delivery or caesarean section. [ 7] In 2019, there were about 140.11 million human births globally. [ 9] In the developed countries, most deliveries occur in hospitals, [ 10 ...
An assisted vaginal delivery ( AVD) or instrumental vaginal delivery occurs when a pregnant woman requires the use of special instruments such as forceps or a vacuum extractor to deliver her baby vaginally. [ 12] It is usually performed when the pregnancy does not progress during the second stage of labor.
A breech birth is when a baby is born bottom first instead of head first, as is normal. [ 1] Around 3–5% of pregnant women at term (37–40 weeks pregnant) have a breech baby. [ 2] Due to their higher than average rate of possible complications for the baby, breech births are generally considered higher risk. [ 3]
Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age, as opposed to full-term delivery at approximately 40 weeks. [ 1] Extreme preterm [ 2] is less than 28 weeks, very early preterm birth is between 28 and 32 weeks, early preterm birth occurs between 32 and 34 weeks, late preterm birth is ...
Unassisted childbirth ( UC) refers to the process of intentionally giving birth without the assistance of a medical birth attendant. It may also be known as freebirth, [ 1] DIY (do-it-yourself) birth, [ 2] unhindered birth, [ 3] and unassisted home birth. [ 4] Unassisted childbirth is by definition a planned process, and is thus distinct from ...
Shoulder dystocia occurs in roughly 3% of vaginal deliveries, and it typically happens to women who have reached full term, said Dr. Kiarra King, an OB-GYN in Illinois who is not involved in the case.
Vacuum extraction ( VE ), also known as ventouse, is a method to assist delivery of a baby using a vacuum device. It is used in the second stage of labor if it has not progressed adequately. It may be an alternative to a forceps delivery and caesarean section. It cannot be used when the baby is in the breech position or for premature births.
Childbirth positions. Childbirth positions (or maternal birthing positions) [1] are the physical postures that the pregnant mother may assume during the process of childbirth. They may also be referred to as delivery positions or labor positions . In addition to the lithotomy position (on back with feet pulled up), still commonly used by many ...