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Posterior cortical atrophy ( PCA ), also called Benson's syndrome, is a rare form of dementia which is considered a visual variant or an atypical variant of Alzheimer's disease (AD). [ 1][ 2][ 3] The disease causes atrophy of the posterior part of the cerebral cortex, resulting in the progressive disruption of complex visual processing. [ 4]
Amyloid beta (Aβ) is a small protein, most often 40 or 42 amino acids in length, that is released from a longer parent protein called the Aβ-precursor protein (APP). [ 24] APP is produced by many types of cell in the body, but it is especially abundant in neurons. It is a single-pass transmembrane protein, passing once through cellular membranes.
Specialty. Radiology, neurology. Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities ( ARIA) are abnormal differences seen in magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in patients with Alzheimer's disease. ARIA is associated with anti-amyloid drugs, particularly human monoclonal antibodies such as aducanumab. [ 1] There are two types of ARIA: ARIA-E and ARIA-H.
Binswanger's disease, also known as subcortical leukoencephalopathy and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, [ 1] is a form of small-vessel vascular dementia caused by damage to the white brain matter. [ 2] White matter atrophy can be caused by many circumstances including chronic hypertension as well as old age. [ 3]
A combined blood test for cognitive decline has a 90% accuracy rate in determining whether memory loss is due to Alzheimer’s disease, a new study found. In comparison, neurologists and other ...
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease ( CJD ), also known as subacute spongiform encephalopathy or neurocognitive disorder due to prion disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. [ 4][ 1] Early symptoms include memory problems, behavioral changes, poor coordination, and visual disturbances. [ 4] Later symptoms include dementia, involuntary movements ...
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative ( ADNI) is a multisite study that aims to improve clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). [1] This cooperative study combines expertise and funding from the private and public sector to study subjects with AD, as well as those who may develop AD and controls with ...
PET imaging with 18F-FDG takes advantage of the fact that the brain is normally a rapid user of glucose. Standard 18F-FDG PET of the brain measures regional glucose use and can be used in neuropathological diagnosis. Example: Brain pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease greatly decrease brain metabolism of both glucose and oxygen in tandem ...