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Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body. [ 1][ 7][ 2] One nanogram per millilitre ( 1 ng/mL) is equivalent to 2.5 nanomoles per litre ( 2.5 nmol/L ). Severe deficiency: < 12 ng/mL = < 30 nmol/L[ 2 ...
Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and for many other biological effects. [ 1][ 2] In humans, the most important compounds in this group are vitamin D 3 ( cholecalciferol) and vitamin D 2 ( ergocalciferol ). [ 2][ 3] The major natural source of ...
Studies suggest that low vitamin D levels could play a role in PD, and in one case report, vitamin D supplements lessened parkinsonian symptoms. In a study of vitamin D receptor knockout mice, mice without VDR exhibited motor impairments similar to impairments seen in patients with Parkinson's disease. [7]
Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by the softening of the bones caused by impaired bone metabolism primarily due to inadequate levels of available phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D, or because of resorption of calcium. The impairment of bone metabolism causes inadequate bone mineralization . Osteomalacia in children is known as rickets ...
Calcitriol is the active form of vitamin D, normally made in the kidney. [ 8][ 9][ 10] It is also known as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. It is a hormone which binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor in the nucleus of the cell, which then increases the expression of many genes. [ 11]
Ergocalciferol, also known as vitamin D2 and nonspecifically calciferol, is a type of vitamin D found in food and used as a dietary supplement. [ 3] As a supplement it is used to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency. [ 4] This includes vitamin D deficiency due to poor absorption by the intestines or liver disease. [ 5]
Most people in the world depend on the sun to get vitamin D, [31] and elderly populations in low UVB countries experience higher rates of cancer. [32] There are not many foods that naturally have vitamin D. [33] Examples are cod liver oil and oily fish. If people cannot get sunlight, then they will need 1,000 IU of vitamin D per day to stay ...
Endocrinology. Vitamin deficiency is the condition of a long-term lack of a vitamin. When caused by not enough vitamin intake it is classified as a primary deficiency, whereas when due to an underlying disorder such as malabsorption it is called a secondary deficiency. An underlying disorder can have 2 main causes: