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Thane (/ ˈ θ eɪ n /; Scottish Gaelic: taidhn) [1] was the title given to a local royal official in medieval eastern Scotland, equivalent in rank to the son of an earl, [2] who was at the head of an administrative and socio-economic unit known as a thanedom or thanage.
The thane had a military significance, and its usual Latin translation was miles, meaning soldier, although minister was often used. An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary describes a thane as "one engaged in a king's or a queen's service, whether in the household or in the country". It adds: "the word... seems gradually to acquire a technical meaning ...
In ancient times, comitatus was an armed escort or retinue, especially in the context of Germanic warrior culture for a warband tied to a leader by an oath of fealty. [1] The concept describes the relations between a lord and his retainers, or thanes (OE þegn); scholars generally consider it more of a literary trope rather than one of historical accuracy.
Thane of Cawdor is a title in the Scottish nobility. [1] The current 7th Earl Cawdor , of Clan Campbell of Cawdor , is the 25th Thane of Cawdor . In William Shakespeare 's play Macbeth , this title was given to Macbeth after the previous Thane of Cawdor was captured and executed for treason against King Duncan. [ 2 ]
Mormaer. In early medieval Scotland, a mormaer was the Gaelic name for a regional or provincial ruler, theoretically second only to the King of Scots, and the senior of a Toísech (chieftain). Mormaers were equivalent to English earls or Continental counts, and the term is often translated into English as 'earl'.
Thanage. A thanage was an area of land held by a thegn in Anglo-Saxon England. [1] Thanage can also denote the rank held by such a thegn. [1] In medieval Scotland David I, an Anglophile, introduced "thanes" to replace the Gaelic " tòiseach ". Therefore Scottish thanage denotes the land and duties held and undertaken by the thanes. [citation ...
e. Scotland in the Middle Ages concerns the history of Scotland from the departure of the Romans to the adoption of major aspects of the Renaissance in the early sixteenth century. From the fifth century northern Britain was divided into a series of kingdoms. Of these the four most important to emerge were the Picts, the Gaels of Dál Riata ...
Caledonia (/ ˌkælɪˈdoʊniə /; Latin: Calēdonia [kaleːˈdonia]) was the Latin name used by the Roman Empire to refer to the part of Scotland that lies north of the River Forth, which includes most of the land area of Scotland. [1] Today, it is used as a romantic or poetic name for all of Scotland. [2] During the Roman Empire's occupation ...