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Nicotine poisoning. Nicotine poisoning describes the symptoms of the toxic effects of nicotine following ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. Nicotine poisoning can potentially be deadly, though serious or fatal overdoses are rare. [ 1] Historically, most cases of nicotine poisoning have been the result of use of nicotine as an insecticide ...
Nicotine is a hygroscopic, colorless to yellow-brown, oily liquid, that is readily soluble in alcohol, ether or light petroleum. It is miscible with water in its neutral amine base form between 60 °C and 210 °C. It is a dibasic nitrogenous base, having K b1 =1×10 −6, K b2 =1×10 −11. [ 163]
Nicotine toxicity is of concern when e-cigarette solutions are swallowed intentionally by adults as a suicidal overdose. [32] Seizures or convulsions are known potential side effects of nicotine toxicity and have been reported in the scientific literature in relation to intentional or accidental swallowing of e-liquid. [122]
Cases of vaping-related nicotine exposure reported to poison centers hit an all-time high in 2022 — despite a 2016 law, the Child Nicotine Poisoning Prevention Act, that requires child-resistant ...
The health effects of long-term nicotine use is unknown. [18] It may be decades before the long-term health effects of nicotine e-cigarette aerosol inhalation is known. [19] Short-term nicotine use excites the autonomic ganglia nerves and autonomic nerves, but chronic use seems to induce negative effects on endothelial cells. [20]
Common side effects with the patch include skin irritation and a dry mouth while the inhaler commonly results in a cough, runny nose, or headaches. [1] Serious risks include nicotine poisoning and continued addiction. [1] They do not appear to increase the risk of heart attacks. [8] There are possible harms to the baby if used during pregnancy.
Cholinergic crisis. Cholinergic crisis. Other names. Cholinergic toxicity, cholinergic poisoning, SLUDGE syndrome. A cholinergic crisis is an over-stimulation at a neuromuscular junction due to an excess of acetylcholine (ACh), [ 1] as a result of the inactivity of the AChE enzyme, which normally breaks down acetylcholine.
Nicotine dependence is defined as a neurobiological adaptation to repeated drug exposure that is manifested by highly controlled or compulsive use, the development of tolerance, experiencing withdrawal symptoms upon cessation including cravings, and an inability to quit despite harmful effects. [ 6]