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  2. Equivalent (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_(chemistry)

    An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; [ 1] unofficially but often Eq[ 2]) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in a given chemical reaction. It is an archaic quantity that was used in chemistry and the biological sciences (see Equivalent weight § In ...

  3. Equivalent concentration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_concentration

    For example, sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) is a diprotic acid. Since only 0.5 mol of H 2 SO 4 are needed to neutralize 1 mol of OH −, the equivalence factor is: feq (H 2 SO 4) = 0.5. If the concentration of a sulfuric acid solution is c (H 2 SO 4) = 1 mol/L, then its normality is 2 N. It can also be called a "2 normal" solution.

  4. Equivalent weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_weight

    The equivalent weight of an element is the mass which combines with or displaces 1.008 gram of hydrogen or 8.0 grams of oxygen or 35.5 grams of chlorine. The equivalent weight of an element is the mass of a mole of the element divided by the element's usual valence. That is, in grams, the atomic weight of the element divided by the usual ...

  5. Equivalence point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_point

    Equivalence point. The equivalence point, or stoichiometric point, of a chemical reaction is the point at which chemically equivalent quantities of reactants have been mixed. For an acid-base reaction the equivalence point is where the moles of acid and the moles of base would neutralize each other according to the chemical reaction.

  6. Redox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox

    Redox ( / ˈrɛdɒks / RED-oks, / ˈriːdɒks / REE-doks, reduction–oxidation[ 2] or oxidation–reduction[ 3]: 150 ) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change. [ 4] Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, while reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in the ...

  7. Law of reciprocal proportions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_reciprocal_proportions

    The law of reciprocal proportions, also called law of equivalent proportions or law of permanent ratios, is one of the basic laws of stoichiometry . It relates the proportions in which elements combine across a number of different elements. It was first formulated by Jeremias Richter in 1791. [ 1] A simple statement of the law is: [ 2] If ...

  8. Stoichiometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoichiometry

    Stoichiometry. A stoichiometric diagram of the combustion reaction of methane. Stoichiometry ( / ˌstɔɪkiˈɒmɪtri /) is the relationship between the weights of reactants and products before, during, and following chemical reactions . Stoichiometry is founded on the law of conservation of mass where the total mass of the reactants equals the ...

  9. Glossary of chemistry terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chemistry_terms

    This glossary of chemistry terms is a list of terms and definitions relevant to chemistry, including chemical laws, diagrams and formulae, laboratory tools, glassware, and equipment. Chemistry is a physical science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter , as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions ...