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The American Nurses Association ( ANA) is a 501 (c) (6) professional organization to advance and protect the profession of nursing. It started in 1896 as the Nurses Associated Alumnae and was renamed the American Nurses Association in 1911. [3]
Patient advocacy is a process in health care concerned with advocacy for patients, survivors, and caregivers. The patient advocate [1] may be an individual or an organization, concerned with healthcare standards or with one specific group of disorders.
Medical ethics is an applied branch of ethics which analyzes the practice of clinical medicine and related scientific research. [1] Medical ethics is based on a set of values that professionals can refer to in the case of any confusion or conflict. These values include the respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice. [2] Such tenets may allow doctors, care providers, and ...
The Patient Self-Determination Act ( PSDA) was passed by the United States Congress in 1990 as an amendment to the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990. Effective on December 1, 1991, this legislation required many hospitals, nursing homes, home health agencies, hospice providers, health maintenance organizations (HMOs), and other health ...
Nursing ethics. Nursing ethics is a branch of applied ethics that concerns itself with activities in the field of nursing. Nursing ethics shares many principles with medical ethics, such as beneficence, non-maleficence and respect for autonomy. It can be distinguished by its emphasis on relationships, human dignity and collaborative care.
The American Medical Association is governed by a House of Delegates [14] as well as a board of trustees in addition to executive management. [15] The organization maintains the AMA Code of Medical Ethics, and the AMA Physician Masterfile containing data on United States Physicians. [16] The Current Procedural Terminology coding system was first published in 1966 and is maintained by the ...
The American Bar Association 's Model Rules of Professional Conduct (MRPC) are a set of rules and commentaries on the ethical and professional responsibilities of members of the legal profession in the United States. [1] Although the MRPC generally is not binding law in and of itself, it is intended to be a model for state regulators of the legal profession (such as bar associations) to adopt ...
The state of California was divided into three numbering plan areas (NPAs) with distinct area codes: 213, 415, and 916, for the southern, central, and northern parts of the state, respectively. [1] As of July 2023, California has 38 active area codes. Stockton, Modesto, Merced, Turlock; the northern San Joaquin Valley and the central Sierra ...