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The red line shows direct surface temperature measurements since 1880. [ 2] Global surface temperature (GST) refers to the average temperature of Earth 's surface. It is determined nowadays by measuring the temperatures over the ocean and land, and then calculating a weighted average. The temperature over the ocean is called the sea surface ...
Geologic temperature record. The geologic temperature record are changes in Earth 's environment as determined from geologic evidence on multi-million to billion (10 9) year time scales. The study of past temperatures provides an important paleoenvironmental insight because it is a component of the climate and oceanography of the time.
Converting units of temperature differences (also referred to as temperature deltas) is not the same as converting absolute temperature values, and different formulae must be used. To convert a delta temperature from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius, the formula is {ΔT}°F = 9 5 {ΔT}°C. To convert a delta temperature from degrees ...
Most scientists measure temperature using the Celsius scale and thermodynamic temperature using the Kelvin scale, which is the Celsius scale offset so that its null point is 0 K = −273.15 °C, or absolute zero. Many engineering fields in the US, notably high-tech and US federal specifications (civil and military), also use the Kelvin and ...
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The Holocene Climate Optimum (HCO) was a warm period in the first half of the Holocene epoch, that occurred in the interval roughly 9,500 to 5,500 years BP, [ 1] with a thermal maximum around 8000 years BP. It has also been known by many other names, such as Altithermal, Climatic Optimum, Holocene Megathermal, Holocene Optimum, Holocene Thermal ...
The highest natural ground surface temperature ever recorded may have been an alleged reading of 93.9 °C (201.0 °F) at Furnace Creek, California, United States, on 15 July 1972. [ 7] In 2011, a ground temperature of 84 °C (183.2 °F) was recorded in Port Sudan, Sudan. [ 8] The theoretical maximum possible ground surface temperature has been ...
The current official highest registered air temperature on Earth is 56.7 °C (134.1 °F), recorded on 10 July 1913 at Furnace Creek Ranch, in Death Valley in the United States. [ 1] For few years, a former record that was measured in Libya had been in place, until it was decertified in 2012 based on evidence that it was an erroneous reading.