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A wireless network interface controller ( WNIC) is a network interface controller which connects to a wireless network, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or LTE (4G) or 5G rather than a wired network, such as an Ethernet network. A WNIC, just like other NICs, works on the layers 1 and 2 of the OSI model and uses an antenna to communicate via radio waves.
A personal computer that does not have embedded Bluetooth can use a Bluetooth adapter that enables the PC to communicate with Bluetooth devices. While some desktop computers and most recent laptops come with a built-in Bluetooth radio, others require an external adapter, typically in the form of a small USB "dongle".
The Bluetooth protocol RFCOMM is a simple set of transport protocols, made on top of the L2CAP protocol, providing emulated RS-232 serial ports (up to sixty simultaneous connections to a Bluetooth device at a time). The protocol is based on the ETSI standard TS 07.10. RFCOMM is sometimes called serial port emulation.
Bluetooth HID is a lightweight wrapper of the human interface device protocol defined for USB. The use of the HID protocol simplifies host implementation (when supported by host operating systems) by re-use of some of the existing support for USB HID in order to support also Bluetooth HID. Keyboard and keypads must be secure.
The MAC address that is hard-coded on a network interface controller (NIC) cannot be changed. However, many drivers allow the MAC address to be changed. Additionally, there are tools which can make an operating system believe that the NIC has the MAC address of a user's choosing. The process of masking a MAC address is known as MAC spoofing.
Wake-on-LAN. A physical Wake-on-LAN connector (white object in foreground) featured on the IBM PCI Token-Ring Adapter 2. Wake-on-LAN ( WoL or WOL) is an Ethernet or Token Ring computer networking standard that allows a computer to be turned on or awakened from sleep mode by a network message. It is based upon AMD 's Magic Packet Technology ...
A Bluetooth stack is software that is an implementation of the Bluetooth protocol stack. Bluetooth stacks can be roughly divided into two distinct categories: General-purpose implementations that are written with emphasis on feature-richness and flexibility, usually for desktop computers .
Logitech Unifying receiver (older) Logitech Unifying receiver (newer) Unifying Logo The Logitech Unifying Receiver is a small dedicated USB wireless receiver, based on the nRF24L-family of RF devices, [1] that allows up to six compatible Logitech human interface devices (such as mice, trackballs, touchpads, and keyboards; headphones are not compatible) to be linked to the same computer using 2 ...