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DeCSS. A fragment of the DeCSS code, which can be used by a computer to circumvent a DVD's copy protection. DeCSS is one of the first free computer programs capable of decrypting content on a commercially produced DVD video disc. Before the release of DeCSS, free and open source operating systems (such as BSD and Linux) could not play encrypted ...
Software protection dongle. A software protection dongle (commonly known as a dongle or key) is an electronic copy protection and content protection device. When connected to a computer or other electronics, they unlock software functionality or decode content. [ 1] The hardware key is programmed with a product key or other cryptographic ...
The EFF's DES cracker "Deep Crack" custom microchip. In cryptography, the EFF DES cracker (nicknamed " Deep Crack ") is a machine built by the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) in 1998, to perform a brute force search of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher's key space – that is, to decrypt an encrypted message by trying every ...
Software cracking (known as "breaking" mostly in the 1980s [ 1]) is an act of removing copy protection from a software. [ 2] Copy protection can be removed by applying a specific crack. A crack can mean any tool that enables breaking software protection, a stolen product key, or guessed password. Cracking software generally involves ...
This attack is against AES-256 that uses only two related keys and 2 39 time to recover the complete 256-bit key of a 9-round version, or 2 45 time for a 10-round version with a stronger type of related subkey attack, or 2 70 time for an 11-round version. The Advanced Encryption Standard ( AES ), also known by its original name Rijndael ( Dutch ...
A key is retrieved from the set of “Future Keys” This is used to encrypt the message, creating a cryptogram. An identifier known as the “Key Serial Number” (KSN) is returned from the encrypting device, along with the cryptogram. The KSN is formed from the device's unique identifier, and an internal transaction counter.
Argon2 is a key derivation function that was selected as the winner of the 2015 Password Hashing Competition. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It was designed by Alex Biryukov , Daniel Dinu, and Dmitry Khovratovich from the University of Luxembourg . [ 3 ]
Encryption. In cryptography, encryption is the process of transforming (more specifically, encoding) information in a way that, ideally, only authorized parties can decode. This process converts the original representation of the information, known as plaintext, into an alternative form known as ciphertext. Despite its goal, encryption does not ...