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Forensic science, also known as criminalistics, [ 1 ] is the application of science principles and methods to support legal decision-making in matters of criminal and civil law . During criminal investigation in particular, it is governed by the legal standards of admissible evidence and criminal procedure.
A forensic autopsy is used to determine the cause, mode, and manner of death. Forensic science involves the application of the sciences to answer questions of interest to the legal system. Medical examiners attempt to determine the time of death, the exact cause of death, and what, if anything, preceded the death, such as a struggle.
Thanatology is the scientific study of death and the losses brought about as a result. It investigates the mechanisms and forensic aspects of death, such as bodily changes that accompany death and the postmortem period, as well as wider psychological and social aspects related to death. It is primarily an interdisciplinary study offered as a ...
Forensic pathology is pathology that focuses on determining the cause of death by examining a corpse. A post mortem examination is performed by a medical examiner or forensic pathologist, usually during the investigation of criminal law cases and civil law cases in some jurisdictions .
The stages that follow shortly after death are: Corneal opacity or "clouding". Pallor mortis, paleness which happens in the first 15–120 minutes after death. Livor mortis, or dependent lividity, a settling of the blood in the lower (dependent) portion of the body. Algor mortis, the reduction in body temperature following death.
The colour of the pooling can help in determining cause of death. Carbon monoxide poisoning causes a red colouration. [3] Among coroners and other investigators, such as homicide and forensic detectives, livor mortis is not considered an exact way to measure time of death, but rather as a method of approximating it.
The Nutshell Studies of Unexplained Death are a series of twenty intricately designed dollhouse-style dioramas created by Frances Glessner Lee (1878–1962), a pioneer in forensic science. [1] [2] Glessner Lee used her inheritance to establish a department of legal medicine at Harvard Medical School in 1936, and donated the first of the ...
Post-mortem phenomena to estimate the time of death. The post-mortem interval ( PMI) is the time that has elapsed since an individual's death. [1] When the time of death is not known, the interval may be estimated, and so an approximate time of death established. Postmortem interval estimations can range from hours, to days or even years ...