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Thyroid function tests ( TFTs) is a collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid. [ 1] TFTs may be requested if a patient is thought to suffer from hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) or hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), or to monitor the effectiveness of either thyroid-suppression or hormone replacement ...
The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis ( HPT axis for short, a.k.a. thyroid homeostasis or thyrotropic feedback control) is part of the neuroendocrine system responsible for the regulation of metabolism and also responds to stress. As its name suggests, it depends upon the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the thyroid gland .
Subclinical hypothyroidism is a biochemical diagnosis characterized by an elevated serum TSH level, but with a normal serum free thyroxine level. [ 48 ] [ 49 ] [ 50 ] The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism is estimated to be 3-15% and a higher incidence is seen in elderly people, females and those with lower iodine levels. [ 48 ]
Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and produces thyroid hormones [ 1] that travel through the blood to help regulate many other organs, meaning that it is an endocrine organ. These hormones normally act in the body to regulate energy use ...
Euthyroid sick syndrome ( ESS) is a state of adaptation or dysregulation of thyrotropic feedback control [ 1] wherein the levels of T3 and/or T4 are abnormal, but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional. This condition may result from allostatic responses of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid feedback control, dyshomeostatic disorders ...
The Thyrotroph Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity Index (abbreviated TTSI, also referred to as Thyrotroph T4 Resistance Index or TT4RI) is a calculated structure parameter of thyroid homeostasis. It was originally developed to deliver a method for fast screening for resistance to thyroid hormone. [ 1][ 2] Today it is also used to get an estimate for ...
Thyroid hormones are any hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland, namely triiodothyronine ( T3) and thyroxine ( T4 ). They are tyrosine -based hormones that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism. T 3 and T 4 are partially composed of iodine, derived from food. [ 2] A deficiency of iodine leads to decreased ...
Both free and serum (or total) T3 and T4 are elevated. [11] An elevation in thyroid hormone levels is suggestive of thyroid storm when accompanied by signs of severe hyperthyroidism but is not diagnostic as it may also correlate with uncomplicated hyperthyroidism.