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МММ was a Russian company that perpetrated one of the world's largest Ponzi schemes of all time. By different estimates from 5 to 40 million people lost up to $10 billion. The company started attracting money from private investors, promising annual returns of up to 1,000%.
A Ponzi scheme ( / ˈpɒnzi /, Italian: [ˈpontsi]) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. [ 1] Named after Italian businessman Charles Ponzi, this type of scheme misleads investors by either falsely suggesting that profits are derived from legitimate business ...
The Madoff investment scandal was a major case of stock and securities fraud discovered in late 2008. [1] In December of that year, Bernie Madoff, the former Nasdaq chairman and founder of the Wall Street firm Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC, admitted that the wealth management arm of his business was an elaborate multi-billion-dollar Ponzi scheme.
Charles Ponzi ( / ˈpɒnzi /, Italian: [ˈpontsi]; born Carlo Pietro Giovanni Guglielmo Tebaldo Ponzi; March 3, 1882 – January 18, 1949) was an Italian charlatan and scam who operated in the United States and Canada. His aliases included Charles Ponci, Carlo, and Charles P. Bianchi. [ 1]
Scams and confidence tricks are difficult to classify, because they change often and often contain elements of more than one type. Throughout this list, the perpetrator of the confidence trick is called the "con artist" or simply "artist", and the intended victim is the "mark".
The 162-page list of clients (without investment amount), filed in United States bankruptcy court in Manhattan, was made public on February 4, 2009. [3] [4] [5] Some of the clients profited. [6] Thousands of individual investors of Fairfield Greenwich, J. Ezra Merkin's Ascot Partners, and Chais Investments are not included. [7]
Mantria Corporation Ponzi scheme. Matrix scheme. John McNamara (fraudster) J. Ezra Merkin. Barry Minkow. Mirror Trading International. MMM (Ponzi scheme company) MMM Global. Multitel.
Website. Telexfree.com. Telexfree (stylized as TelexFREE ), a trade name owned by Telexfree Inc., was a multibillion-dollar Ponzi scheme disguised as an internet phone service company. Prosecutors have described it as the largest fraud of all time in terms of the number of people affected - more than 1 million, with victims in various countries ...