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v. t. e. The multiverse is the hypothetical set of all universes. [ 1 ][ a ] Together, these universes are presumed to comprise everything that exists: the entirety of space, time, matter, energy, information, and the physical laws and constants that describe them. The different universes within the multiverse are called "parallel universes ...
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms. [ 2]: 1.1 It is the foundation of all quantum physics, which includes quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science . Quantum mechanics can describe many systems that classical physics ...
Physics was known as natural philosophy until the late 18th century. [c] By the 19th century, physics was realized as a discipline distinct from philosophy and the other sciences. Physics, as with the rest of science, relies on philosophy of science and its "scientific method" to advance knowledge of the physical world. [41]
A paradigm shiftis a fundamental change in the basic conceptsand experimentalpractices of a scientific discipline. It is a concept in the philosophy of sciencethat was introduced and brought into the common lexiconby the American physicist and philosopher Thomas Kuhn. Even though Kuhn restricted the use of the term to the natural sciences, the ...
Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the basic structure of reality. It is often characterized as first philosophy, implying that it is more fundamental than other forms of philosophical inquiry. Metaphysics is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent features of the world, but some modern theorists understand it as ...
Plato ( Greek: Πλάτων, Plátōn, from Ancient Greek: πλατύς, romanized : platys, lit. 'broad') is actually a nickname. Although it is a fact that the philosopher called himself Platon in his maturity, the origin of this name remains mysterious. Platon was a fairly common name (31 instances are known from Athens alone), [ 8] but the ...
Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language. It is a rational and critical inquiry that reflects on its own methods and assumptions. Historically, many of the individual sciences, such as physics and ...
Vaisheshika ( IAST: Vaiśeṣika; / vaɪˈʃɛʃɪkə /; Sanskrit: वैशेषिक) is one of the six schools of Hindu philosophy from ancient India. In its early stages, the Vaiśeṣika was an independent philosophy with its own metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics, and soteriology. [ 1] Over time, the Vaiśeṣika system became ...