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Research. Cartography ( / kɑːrˈtɒɡrəfi /; from Ancient Greek: χάρτης chartēs, 'papyrus, sheet of paper, map'; and γράφειν graphein, 'write') is the study and practice of making and using maps. Combining science, aesthetics and technique, cartography builds on the premise that reality (or an imagined reality) can be modeled ...
The history of cartography refers to the development and consequences of cartography, or mapmaking technology, throughout human history. Maps have been one of the most important human inventions for millennia, allowing humans to explain and navigate their way through the world. When and how the earliest maps were made is unclear, but maps of ...
Carlo de Candia (1803–1862), Italian cartographer, created the large maritime map of Sardinia in 1: 250,000 scale, travel version. John Bartholomew the elder (26 April 1805 – 8 April 1861), Scottish cartographer and engraver. Henry Peter Bosse (Germany/United States, 1844–1903), also photographer and civil engineer.
Computer cartography (also called digital cartography) is the art, science, and technology of making and using maps with a computer. [ 1][ 2][ 3] This technology represents a paradigm shift in how maps are produced, but is still fundamentally a subset of traditional cartography. [ 3][ 4] The primary function of this technology is to produce ...
Cartography or map-making is the study and practice of crafting representations of the Earth upon a flat surface [1] (see History of cartography), and one who makes maps is called a cartographer. Road maps are perhaps the most widely used maps today, and form a subset of navigational maps, which also include aeronautical and nautical charts ...
Gerardus Mercator (/ dʒ ɪ ˈ r ɑːr d ə s m ɜːr ˈ k eɪ t ər /; [a] [b] [c] 5 March 1512 – 2 December 1594) [d] was a Flemish geographer, cosmographer and cartographer.He is most renowned for creating the 1569 world map based on a new projection which represented sailing courses of constant bearing (rhumb lines) as straight lines—an innovation that is still employed in nautical charts.
Cartographic design. Cartographic design or map design is the process of crafting the appearance of a map, applying the principles of design and knowledge of how maps are used to create a map that has both aesthetic appeal and practical function. [1] It shares this dual goal with almost all forms of design; it also shares with other design ...
A geographic information system ( GIS) consists of integrated computer hardware and software that store, manage, analyze, edit, output, and visualize geographic data. [ 1][ 2] Much of this often happens within a spatial database; however, this is not essential to meet the definition of a GIS. [ 1] In a broader sense, one may consider such a ...