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The Liberal Democracy period in Indonesia ( Indonesian: Demokrasi Liberal ), also known as the Era of Parliamentary Democracy, was a period in Indonesian political history, when the country was under a liberal democratic system. During this period, Indonesia held its first and only free and fair legislative election until 1999, but also saw ...
v. t. e. The Natsir Cabinet ( Indonesian: Kabinet Natsir) was the first cabinet formed after the dissolution of the United Republic of Indonesia and returned to the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. This cabinet was in charge from 6 September 1950 until 20 March 1951. [citation needed]
Sjafruddin Prawiranegara (EYD: Syafruddin Prawiranegara; 28 February 1911 – 15 February 1989) was an Indonesian statesman and economist.He served in various roles during his career, including as head of government in the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia, as Minister of Finance in several cabinets, and as the first Governor of Bank Indonesia.
Guided Democracy ( Indonesian: Demokrasi Terpimpin ), also called the Old Order ( Indonesian: Orde Lama ), was the political system in place in Indonesia from 1959 until the New Order began in 1966. This period followed the dissolution of the liberal democracy period in Indonesia by President Sukarno, who centralized control in the name of ...
Ali Sastroamidjojo ( EYD: Ali Sastroamijoyo; 21 May 1903 – 13 March 1975) was an Indonesian politician and diplomat. He served in various political and diplomatic roles during the presidency of Sukarno, most notably as a cabinet minister, prime minister, chairman of the Indonesian National Party (PNI), and permanent representative to the ...
The Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle ( Indonesian: Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan, PDI-P) is a centre to centre-left secular - nationalist political party in Indonesia. Since 2014, it has been the ruling and largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR), having won 110 seats in the latest election.
The Indonesian National Party ( Indonesian: Partai Nasional Indonesia, abbr. PNI) was the name used by several nationalist political parties in Indonesia from 1927 until 1973. The first PNI was established by future President Sukarno. After independence, the new PNI supplied a number of prime ministers, and participated in the majority of ...
The call and text message records of hundreds of millions of AT&T cellphone customers in mid-to-late 2022 were exposed in a massive data breach, the telecom company revealed Friday.