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A disk cipher device of the Jefferson type from the 2nd quarter of the 19th century in the National Cryptologic Museum. The Jefferson disk, also called the Bazeries cylinder or wheel cypher, [1] was a cipher system commonly attributed to Thomas Jefferson that uses a set of wheels or disks, each with letters of the alphabet arranged around their edge in an order, which is different for each ...
Learn how the Allies broke the Enigma cipher machine used by the Axis powers in World War II, using mathematical and technological methods. Explore the history, structure, and principles of the Enigma cipher system and its decryption techniques.
The Enigma machine was a cipher device used by Nazi Germany and other countries to protect secret messages. Learn how it worked, how it was broken by Poland, France, and Britain, and how it influenced World War II.
The web page lists the code names used by the U.S. Secret Service for presidents, first ladies, and other prominent persons and locations. Donald Trump and his family members have the code names Mogul, Muse, Mountaineer, Marvel, Marksman, and Mechanic.
A code name is a secret word or phrase used to refer to something or someone. Learn about the origins and uses of code names in military, espionage, business and other contexts, with examples from World War I, World War II and beyond.
A code wheel is a physical object with concentric circles of symbols or words that the user must match to start or continue a game. Learn about the history, forms and examples of code wheels, and how they were cracked or bypassed by pirates.
Before the modern era, cryptography focused on message confidentiality (i.e., encryption)—conversion of messages from a comprehensible form into an incomprehensible one and back again at the other end, rendering it unreadable by interceptors or eavesdroppers without secret knowledge (namely the key needed for decryption of that message).
Code talkers were military personnel who used their Indigenous languages to transmit secret messages during World War II. Learn about the history, languages, and achievements of the code talkers, including the Navajo, Comanche, Cherokee, and Choctaw.