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Falls and sports are also frequent mechanisms of abdominal injury in children. [4] Abdominal injury may result from child abuse and is the second leading cause of child abuse-related death, after traumatic brain injury. [6] Gunshot wounds, which are higher energy than stab wounds, are usually more damaging than the latter. [10]
Given its anterior position in the abdominal cavity and its large size, the liver is prone to gun shot wounds and stab wounds. [2] Its firm location under the diaphragm also makes it especially prone to shearing forces. [1] Common causes of this type of injury are blunt force mechanisms such as motor vehicle accidents, falls, and sports injuries.
This procedure is performed when intra-abdominal bleeding (hemoperitoneum), usually secondary to trauma, is suspected. [2]In a hemodynamically unstable patient with high-risk mechanism of injury, peritoneal lavage is a means of rapidly diagnosing intra-abdominal injury requiring laparotomy, but has largely been replaced in trauma care by the use of a focused assessment with sonography for ...
Focused assessment with sonography in trauma (commonly abbreviated as FAST) is a rapid bedside ultrasound examination performed by surgeons, emergency physicians, and paramedics as a screening test for blood around the heart (pericardial effusion) or abdominal organs (hemoperitoneum) after trauma.
Stab wounds occur four times more than gunshot wounds in the United Kingdom, but the mortality rate associated with stabbing has ranged from 0-4% as 85% of injuries sustained from stab wounds only affect subcutaneous tissue. [7] [9] [27] In Belgium, most assaults resulting in a stab wound occur to and by men and persons of ethnic minorities. [28]
Major trauma sometimes is classified by body area; injuries affecting 40% are polytrauma, 30% head injuries, 20% chest trauma, 10%, abdominal trauma, and 2%, extremity trauma. [4] [6] Various scales exist to provide a quantifiable metric to measure the severity of injuries. The value may be used for triaging a patient or for statistical analysis.
Trauma from a gunshot wound varies widely based on the bullet, velocity, mass, entry point, trajectory, affected anatomy, and exit point. Gunshot wounds can be particularly devastating compared to other penetrating injuries because the trajectory and fragmentation of bullets can be unpredictable after entry. Moreover, gunshot wounds typically ...
The condition is difficult to detect and may go unnoticed, because many patients have no specific symptoms. Diagnosis is further complicated by the fact that many patients with the injury experienced multiple other serious injuries as well, [10] so the attention of hospital staff may be distracted from the possibility of aortic rupture. In fact ...