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Donald Cressey. Donald Ray Cressey (April 27, 1919 – July 21, 1987) was an American penologist, sociologist, and criminologist who made innovative contributions to the study of organized crime, prisons, criminology, the sociology of criminal law, white-collar crime. [1][2][3]
v. t. e. The term " white-collar crime " refers to financially motivated, nonviolent or non-directly violent crime committed by individuals, businesses and government professionals. [1] The crimes are believed to be committed by middle- or upper-class individuals for financial gains. [2]
Robert King Merton (born Meyer Robert Schkolnick; July 4, 1910 – February 23, 2003) was an American sociologist who is considered a founding father of modern sociology, and a major contributor to the subfield of criminology. He served as the 47th president of the American Sociological Association. [ 1 ] He spent most of his career teaching at ...
The Stanford prison experiment (SPE) was a psychological experiment performed during August 1971.It was a two-week simulation of a prison environment that examined the effects of situational variables on participants' reactions and behaviors.
The sociology of punishment seeks to understand why and how we punish; the general justifying aim of punishment and the principle of distribution. Punishment involves the intentional infliction of pain and/or the deprivation of rights and liberties. Sociologists of punishment usually examine state-sanctioned acts in relation to law-breaking ...
John Keith Irwin. John Keith Irwin (May 21, 1929 – January 3, 2010) was an American sociologist and criminologist who was known internationally as an expert on the American prison system. [ 1] He published dozens of scholarly articles and seven books on the topic.
Social control. Social control is the regulations, sanctions, mechanisms, and systems that restrict the behaviour of individuals in accordance with social norms and orders. Through both informal and formal means, individuals and groups exercise social control both internally and externally. As an area of social science, social control is ...
She now risks jail time for refusing to reveal her sources for the story. Being able to protect the confidentiality of sources can be critical to a reporter's ability to provide the public with ...