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Definition. gram (g) is a metric unit for a small amount of mass or weight. It’s equal to the weight of one cubic centimeter (or one milliliter) of water. kilogram (kg) is 1,000 grams. A kg has the same weight as one liter of water. milligram (mg) is one thousandth of a gram.
An overview of ranges of mass. To help compare different orders of magnitude, the following lists describe various mass levels between 10 −67 kg and 10 52 kg. The least massive thing listed here is a graviton, and the most massive thing is the observable universe.
The metric units of measurement in mathematics are standard units defined to measure length, height, weight, area, and capacity (volume). It is based on the decimal system as it includes numbers in powers of 10. The modern form of the metric units are called the SI units and are accepted worldwide.
The metric system is based on 10s. For example, 10 decimeters make a meter (39.37 inches). Units smaller than a meter have Latin prefixes: Deci- means 10; 10 decimeters make a meter. Centi- means 100; 100 centimeters make a meter. Milli- means 1,000; 1,000 millimeters make a meter. Units larger than a meter have Greek prefixes:
Metric units are units based on the metre, gram or second and decimal (power of ten) multiples or sub-multiples of these.
The metric system combines base units and unit prefixes reasonable to the size of a measured object or substance. The most used prefixes are shown in Table 9.1. An easy way to remember the order of the prefixes, from largest to smallest, is the mnemonic King Henry Died From Drinking Chocolate Milk.
Alternatively, we can go from the smallest prefix to the largest: 1 milliliter = 0.1 centiliters = 0.01 deciliters = [0.001 liters] = 0.000 1 dekaliters = 0.000 01 hectoliters = 0.000 001 kiloliters