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Parliament of South Africa. Assented to. 27 April 2004. Commenced. 27 April 2004. Status: In force. Prevention of Corrupt Activities Act, Act 12 of 2004 in South Africa provides for the strengthening of measures to prevent and combat corruption and corrupt activities in both the public and private sectors of South African society.
The Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009, or FERA, Pub. L. 111–21 (text) (PDF), S. 386, 123 Stat. 1617, enacted May 20, 2009, is a public law in the United States enacted in 2009. The law enhanced criminal enforcement of federal fraud laws, especially regarding financial institutions, mortgage fraud, and securities fraud or commodities ...
Tertiary prevention is used after a crime has occurred in order to prevent successive incidents. Such measures can be seen in the implementation of new security policies following acts of terrorism such as the September 11, 2001 attacks. Situational crime prevention uses techniques focusing on reducing on the opportunity to commit a crime. Some ...
The Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 ( FACT Act or FACTA, Pub. L. 108–159 (text) (PDF)) is a U.S. federal law, passed by the United States Congress on November 22, 2003, [ 1] and signed by President George W. Bush on December 4, 2003, [ 2] as an amendment to the Fair Credit Reporting Act. The act allows consumers to request ...
Signed into law by President George W. Bush on December 16, 2003. The Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography And Marketing (CAN-SPAM) Act of 2003 is a law passed in 2003 establishing the United States ' first national standards for the sending of commercial e-mail. The law requires the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to enforce its ...
Elder – any of several types of fraud in which older people are frequently targeted, including economic abuse, § romance, § lottery, and sweepstakes. [ 10] Electoral, or election manipulation, voter fraud, vote rigging – illegal interference with the process of an election, either by increasing the vote share of a favored candidate ...
The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act is a landmark United States federal law, passed on October 22, 2009, [ 1] and signed into law by President Barack Obama on October 28, 2009, [ 2] as a rider to the National Defense Authorization Act for 2010 (H.R. 2647). Conceived as a response to the murders of Matthew Shepard ...
McNally v. United States, 483 U.S. 350 (1987), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court decided that the federal statute criminalizing mail fraud applied only to the schemes and artifices defrauding victims of money or property, as opposed to those defrauding citizens of their rights to good government.