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Information can be defined exactly by set theory: "Information is a selection from the domain of information". The "domain of information" is a set that the sender and receiver of information must know before exchanging information. Digital information, for example, consists of building blocks that are all number sequences.
t. e. Information science, documentology[ 1] or informatology[ 2][ 3] is an academic field which is primarily concerned with analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information. [ 4]
An information system ( IS) is a formal, sociotechnical, organizational system designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information. [ 1] From a sociotechnical perspective, information systems comprise four components: task, people, structure (or roles), and technology. [ 2] Information systems can be defined as an integration of ...
Information privacy. Information privacy is the relationship between the collection and dissemination of data, technology, the public expectation of privacy, contextual information norms, and the legal and political issues surrounding them. [ 1] It is also known as data privacy[ 2] or data protection .
Information and communications technology ( ICT) is an extensional term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications [ 1] and the integration of telecommunications ( telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers, as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage and audiovisual, that enable ...
v. t. e. Information technology ( IT) is a set of related fields that encompass computer systems, software, programming languages, and data and information processing, and storage. [ 1] IT forms part of information and communications technology (ICT). [ 2] An information technology system ( IT system) is generally an information system, a ...
Examples include information related to military strength and weapons. [28] During and before World War II, the U.S. had a category of classified information called Restricted, which was below confidential. The U.S. no longer has a Restricted classification, but many other countries and NATO documents do. The U.S. treats Restricted information ...
v. t. e. Information economics or the economics of information is the branch of microeconomics that studies how information and information systems affect an economy and economic decisions. [ 1] One application considers information embodied in certain types of commodities that are "expensive to produce but cheap to reproduce." [ 2]