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Cerebrovascular disease includes a variety of medical conditions that affect the blood vessels of the brain and the cerebral circulation. Arteries supplying oxygen and nutrients to the brain are often damaged or deformed in these disorders. [2] The most common presentation of cerebrovascular disease is an ischemic stroke or mini-stroke and ...
CT scan slice of the brain showing a right- hemispheric cerebral infarct (left side of image). Cerebral infarction, also known as an ischemic stroke, is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct). [1] In mid to high income countries, a stroke is the main reason for disability among people ...
Diseases of veins and lymphatics, and other diseases of circulatory system (451–459) 451 Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis. 451.1 Of deep vessels of lower extremities. 451.11 Deep vein thrombosis, femoral. 451.19 Deep vein thrombosis, other leg veins. 451.8 Of other sites. 451.82 Phlebitis, superficial veins, upper extrem.
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart.Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).
Hypertensive encephalopathy ( HE) is general brain dysfunction due to significantly high blood pressure. [3] Symptoms may include headache, vomiting, trouble with balance, and confusion. [1] Onset is generally sudden. [1] Complications can include seizures, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and bleeding in the back of the eye.
Neurology. A watershed stroke is defined as a brain ischemia that is localized to the vulnerable border zones between the tissues supplied by the anterior, posterior and middle cerebral arteries. [1] The actual blood stream blockage/restriction site can be located far away from the infarcts.
The incidence of stroke rises progressively with increasing blood pressure levels, particularly systolic blood pressure in individuals >65 years. Treatment of hypertension convincingly decreases the incidence of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Hypertension is also associated with impaired cognition in an aging population.
Brain herniation. Brain herniation is a potentially deadly side effect of very high pressure within the skull that occurs when a part of the brain is squeezed across structures within the skull. The brain can shift across such structures as the falx cerebri, the tentorium cerebelli, and even through the foramen magnum (the hole in the base of ...