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THC, the main psychoactive component of cannabis, may only be detectable in saliva and oral fluid for 2–24 hours in most cases. [8] [9] The main metabolite excreted in the urine is 11-Nor-9-carboxy-THC, also known as THC-COOH. Most cannabis drug tests yield a positive result when the concentration of THC-COOH in urine exceeds 50 ng/mL. [10]
Cannabis. Two main questions arise in the law surrounding driving after having ingested cannabis: (1) whether cannabis actually impairs driving ability, and (2) whether the common practice of testing for THC (the main psychoactive substance in cannabis) is a reliable means to measure impairment. On the first question, studies are mixed.
11-COOH-THC is a Schedule 8 prohibited substance in Western Australia under the Poisons Standard (July 2016). [15] A schedule 8 substance is a controlled Drug – Substances which should be available for use but require restriction of manufacture, supply, distribution, possession and use to reduce abuse, misuse and physical or psychological dependence.
As an example the SAMHSA cutoffs for cannabinoids are 50 ng/ml for the immunoassay and 15 ng/ml as confirmed by GC/MS. Immunoassays that do not conform with SAMHSA, featuring a cutoff of 20 ng/ml, have been shown to produce false positives from passive inhalation of marijuana smoke.
Like Δ 9-THC, 11-hydroxy-THC is a partial agonist at the cannabinoid receptor CB 1, but with significantly higher binding affinity (K i = 0.37 nM compared to Δ 9-THC K i = 35 nM). [7] With respect to cAMP inhibition at CB 1 it displays a similar efficacy to that of Δ 9 -THC (EC 50 = 11 nM vs. EC 50 = 5.2 nM, respectively), but a lower ...
In 2013, the level of THC metabolite allowed was changed from 15 ng/mL to 150 ng/mL so as to only detect in-competition use. [10] In cannabis (hashish, marijuana) and cannabis products; Synthetic cannabinoids that mimic the effects of THC; Natural and synthetic tetrahydrocannabinols (THCs)
The principal active metabolite of THC is 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), which is formed by CYP2C9 and is psychoactive similarly to THC. [31] [22] [21] This metabolite is further oxidized to 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THC-COOH). In animals, more than 100 metabolites of THC could be identified, but 11-OH-THC and THC-COOH are the predominant metabolites ...
Urine (ng/ml) Blood (ng/ml) Prohibited substance (a) Amphetamine 500 100 (b) Cocaine 150 50 (c) Cocaine metabolite 150 50 (d) Heroin 2,000 50 (e) Heroin metabolite: (1) Morphine 2,000 50 (2) 6-monoacetyl morphine 10 10 (f) Lysergic acid diethylamide 25 10 (g) Marijuana 10 2 (h) Marijuana metabolite 15 5 (i) Methamphetamine 500 100 (j ...