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A traffic alert and collision avoidance system ( TCAS, pronounced / tiːkæs /; TEE-kas ), is an aircraft collision avoidance system designed to reduce the incidence of mid-air collision (MAC) between aircraft. It monitors the airspace around an aircraft for other aircraft equipped with a corresponding active transponder, independent of air ...
The transponder has a small required set of controls and is simple to operate. It has a method to enter the four-digit transponder code, also known as a beacon code or squawk code, and a control to transmit an ident, which is done at the controller's request (see SPI pulse below). Transponders typically have 4 operating modes: Off, Standby, On ...
Identification friend or foe. Identification, friend or foe ( IFF) is a combat identification system designed for command and control. It uses a transponder that listens for an interrogation signal and then sends a response that identifies the broadcaster. IFF systems usually use radar frequencies, but other electromagnetic frequencies, radio ...
In aviation, distance measuring equipment ( DME) is a radio navigation technology that measures the slant range (distance) between an aircraft and a ground station by timing the propagation delay of radio signals in the frequency band between 960 and 1215 megahertz (MHz). Line-of-visibility between the aircraft and ground station is required.
A very-small-aperture terminal ( VSAT) [1] is a two-way satellite ground station with a dish antenna that is smaller than 3.8 meters. The majority of VSAT antennas range from 75 cm to 1.2 m. Bit rates, in most cases, range from 4 kbit/s up to 16 Mbit/s. VSATs access satellites in geosynchronous orbit or geostationary orbit to relay data from ...
Electronic toll collection. E-ZPass tollbooths, like this one on the Pennsylvania Turnpike in Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania, use transponders to bill motorists. Electronic toll collection ( ETC) is a wireless system to automatically collect the usage fee or toll charged to vehicles using toll roads, HOV lanes, toll bridges, and toll tunnels. [1]
Radar beacon. Racon signal as seen on a radar screen. This beacon receives using sidelobe suppression and transmits the letter "Q" in Morse code near Boston Harbor (Nahant) 17 January 1985. Radar beacon (short: racon) is – according to article 1.103 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR) [1 ...
Transponder in a private aircraft squawking 2000. Secondary surveillance radar ( SSR) [1] is a radar system used in air traffic control (ATC), that unlike primary radar systems that measure the bearing and distance of targets using the detected reflections of radio signals, relies on targets equipped with a radar transponder, that reply to each ...