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Moxifloxacin is an antibiotic, used to treat bacterial infections, [ 4 ] including pneumonia, conjunctivitis, endocarditis, tuberculosis, and sinusitis. [ 4 ][ 5 ] It can be given by mouth, by injection into a vein, and as an eye drop. [ 5 ] Common side effects include diarrhea, dizziness, and headache. [ 4 ]
Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone class. It is active against some Gram-positive and many Gram-negative bacteria. [79] It functions by inhibiting a type II topoisomerase (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, [80][81] necessary to separate bacterial DNA, thereby inhibiting cell division.
Gatifloxacin. Gatifloxacin (brand names Gatiflo, Tequin, and Zymar) is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, [1] that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. It was patented in 1986 and approved for medical use in 1999. [2]
The most common side effect is conjunctival hyperaemia (increased bloodflow in the outer layer of the eye), which occurs in over 10% of people taking the drug. Side effects in less than 10% of people include other eye problems such as itching, foreign body sensation or dry eye, as headache or hyperpigmentation (darkening) of the skin around the eye.
Levofloxacin is also used as antibiotic eye drops to prevent bacterial infection. Usage of levofloxacin eye drops, along with an antibiotic injection of cefuroxime or penicillin during cataract surgery , has been found to lower the chance of developing endophthalmitis , compared to eye drops or injections alone.
Frequency. ~20% [5] Dry eye syndrome, also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is the condition of having dry eyes. [2] Symptoms include dryness in the eye, irritation, redness, discharge, blurred vision, and easily fatigued eyes. Symptoms range from mild and occasional to severe and continuous. [3]
Ophthalmic drug administration is the administration of a drug to the eyes, most typically as an eye drop formulation. Topical formulations are used to combat a multitude of diseased states of the eye. These states may include bacterial infections, eye injury, glaucoma, and dry eye. [ 1 ] However, there are many challenges associated with ...
Eye drop. Eye drops or eyedrops are liquid drops applied directly to the surface of the eye usually in small amounts such as a single drop or a few drops. Eye drops usually contain saline to match the salinity of the eye. Drops containing only saline and sometimes a lubricant are often used as artificial tears to treat dry eyes or simple eye ...
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