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Severe side effects may include spontaneous tendon ruptures, nerve damage, and worsening of myasthenia gravis. [4] Safety of use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is unclear. [6] Moxifloxacin is in the fluoroquinolone family of medications. [4] It usually kills bacteria by blocking their ability to duplicate DNA. [4]
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. [5] This includes bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, certain types of infectious diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, skin infections, typhoid fever, and urinary tract infections, among others. [5]
Tropicamide, sold under the brand name Mydriacyl among others, is a medication used to dilate the pupil and help with examination of the eye. [3] Specifically it is used to help examine the back of the eye. [4] It is applied as eye drops. [3] Effects occur within 40 minutes and last for up to a day. [3]
While definitive sites of metabolism have not been firmly established, there are several metabolites worthy of note. N-Desethylbrinzolamide is an active metabolite of the parent compound, and thus exhibits carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity (largely carbonic anhydrase-I, when in the presence of Brinzolamide) and also accumulates in the erythrocytes.
Acetazolamide is a first generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and it decreases the ocular fluid and osmolality in the eye to decrease intraocular pressure. [5] [6] Common side effects include numbness, ringing in the ears, loss of appetite, vomiting, and sleepiness. [2]
Open-angle glaucoma (a condition where the aqueous humour, the watery fluid inside the eyeball, cannot drain away properly) and other causes of high pressure in the eye increase the risk of damage to the retina and the optic nerve (the nerve that sends signals from the eye to the brain). [4] This can result in serious vision loss and even ...
Common side effects include red eyes, dry eyes, change in color of the eyes, blurry vision, and cataracts. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 4 ] Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is generally not recommended. [ 1 ] [ 6 ] [ 4 ] It is a prostaglandin analog and works by increasing the outflow of aqueous fluid from the eyes.
Drugs that interact with these transporters could influence blood plasma concentrations of trifluridine. Being a thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor, trifluridine could also interact with substrates of this enzyme such as zidovudine. [5] For the eye drops, trifluridine absorption is negligible, [3] rendering interactions basically irrelevant.
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