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Benzoic acid is cheap and readily available, so the laboratory synthesis of benzoic acid is mainly practiced for its pedagogical value. It is a common undergraduate preparation. Benzoic acid can be purified by recrystallization from water because of its high solubility in hot water and poor solubility in cold water. The avoidance of organic ...
Arrow pushing or electron pushing is a technique used to describe the progression of organic chemistry reaction mechanisms. It was first developed by Sir Robert Robinson.In using arrow pushing, "curved arrows" or "curly arrows" are drawn on the structural formulae of reactants in a chemical equation to show the reaction mechanism.
m -Toluic acid. m. -Toluic acid. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ?) m-Toluic acid, ( IUPAC: 3-methylbenzoic acid ), is an aromatic carboxylic acid, with formula (CH 3 )C 6 H 4 (COOH). It is an isomer of p -toluic acid and o -toluic acid .
Hammett equation. In organic chemistry, the Hammett equation describes a linear free-energy relationship relating reaction rates and equilibrium constants for many reactions involving benzoic acid derivatives with meta- and para- substituents to each other with just two parameters: a substituent constant and a reaction constant.
The benzoyl functional group. In organic chemistry, benzoyl ( / ˈbɛnzoʊɪl /, BENZ-oh-il) [1] is the functional group with the formula −COC6H5 and structure − C (=O) − C 6 H 5. [2] [3] It can be viewed as benzaldehyde missing one hydrogen. The benzoyl group has a mass of 105 amu. The term "benzoyl" should not be confused with benzyl ...
Benzoin condensation. The benzoin addition is an addition reaction involving two aldehydes. The reaction generally occurs between aromatic aldehydes or glyoxals, [1] [2] and results in formation of an acyloin. In the classic example, benzaldehyde is converted to benzoin. [3]
Bromobenzene is an aryl bromide and the simplest of the bromobenzenes, consisting of a benzene ring substituted with one bromine atom. Its chemical formula is C6H5Br. It is a colourless liquid although older samples can appear yellow. It is a reagent in organic synthesis .
Benzonitrile is a useful solvent and a versatile precursor to many derivatives. It reacts with amines to afford N-substituted benzamides after hydrolysis. It is a precursor to diphenylmethanimine via reaction with phenylmagnesium bromide followed by methanolysis.