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The midbrain or mesencephalon is the rostral -most portion of the brainstem [ 2] connecting the diencephalon and cerebrum with the pons. [ 3] It consists of the cerebral peduncles, tegmentum, and tectum. It is functionally associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep and wakefulness, arousal ( alertness ), and temperature regulation.
Pretectal area. Cross section of the midbrain at the level of the superior colliculus. Pretectal area labeled (as pretectum) at right. In neuroanatomy, the pretectal area, or pretectum, is a midbrain structure composed of seven nuclei and comprises part of the subcortical visual system. Through reciprocal bilateral projections from the retina ...
The periaqueductal gray is the gray matter located around the cerebral aqueduct within the tegmentum of the midbrain. It projects to the nucleus raphe magnus, and also contains descending autonomic tracts. The ascending pain and temperature fibers of the spinothalamic tract send information to the PAG via the spinomesencephalic tract (so-named ...
Unlike the midbrain tectum (which is a sensory structure located posteriorly), the midbrain tegmentum, which locates anteriorly, is related to a number of motor functions. Within the tegmentum, the red nucleus is in charge of motor coordination (specifically for limb movements) and the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) contains critical circuits ...
The brainstem (or brain stem) is the stalk-like part of the brain that connects the forebrain (the cerebrum and diencephalon) with the spinal cord. [ 1] In the human brain, the brainstem is composed of the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. [ 1][ 2] The midbrain is continuous with the thalamus of the diencephalon through the ...
The midbrain tegmentum is the part of the midbrain extending from the substantia nigra to the cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section of the midbrain. Structures included in the midbrain tegmentum include the red nucleus, reticular formation, and substantia nigra. The red nucleus is responsible for controlling basic body and limb movements.
In neuroanatomy, the superior colliculus (from Latin 'upper hill') is a structure lying on the roof of the mammalian midbrain. [ 1] In non-mammalian vertebrates, the homologous structure is known as the optic tectum or optic lobe. [ 1][ 2][ 3] The adjective form tectal is commonly used for both structures. In mammals, the superior colliculus ...
The cerebral aqueduct ( aqueduct of the midbrain, aqueduct of Sylvius, [ 1]: 476 sylvian aqueduct, mesencephalic duct[citation needed]) is a narrow [ 2][ 1]: 469 conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) connecting the third ventricle and fourth ventricle of the ventricular system of the brain. The cerebral aqueduct is a midline structure.