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  2. Object-oriented programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_programming

    Objects are instances of a class. Object-oriented programming ( OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, [1] which can contain data and code: data in the form of fields (often known as attributes or properties ), and code in the form of procedures (often known as methods ). In OOP, computer programs are designed by making ...

  3. List of object-oriented programming languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_object-oriented...

    For example, C++ is a multi-paradigm language including object-oriented paradigm; [2] however, it is less object-oriented than some other languages such as Python [3] and Ruby. [4] Therefore, some people consider C++ an OOP language, while others do not or refer to it as a "semi-object-oriented programming language".

  4. Inheritance (object-oriented programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inheritance_(object...

    In object-oriented programming, inheritance is the mechanism of basing an object or class upon another object ( prototype-based inheritance) or class ( class-based inheritance ), retaining similar implementation. Also defined as deriving new classes ( sub classes) from existing ones such as super class or base class and then forming them into a ...

  5. Class (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_programming)

    In object-oriented programming, a class defines the shared aspects of objects created from the class. The capabilities of a class differ between programming languages , but generally the shared aspects consist of state ( variables ) and behavior ( methods ) that are each either associated with an particular object or with all objects of that class.

  6. Polymorphism (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(computer...

    In programming language theory and type theory, polymorphism is the use of a single symbol to represent multiple different types. [1] In object-oriented programming, polymorphism is the provision of a single interface to entities of different types. [2] The concept is borrowed from a principle in biology where an organism or species can have ...

  7. Design Patterns - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_Patterns

    Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides, with a foreword by Grady Booch. The book is divided into two parts, with the first two chapters exploring the capabilities ...

  8. Friend function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friend_function

    In object-oriented programming, a friend function, that is a "friend" of a given class, is a function that is given the same access as methods to private and protected data. [1] A friend function is declared by the class that is granting access, so friend functions are part of the class interface, like methods.

  9. Identity (object-oriented programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_(object-oriented...

    In object-oriented programming, object-oriented design and object-oriented analysis, the identity of an object is its being distinct from any other object, regardless of the values of the objects' properties. Having identity is a fundamental property of objects. This is closely related to the philosophical concept of identity .