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Tissue-type plasminogen activator. Tissue-type plasminogen activator, short name tPA, is a protein that facilitates the breakdown of blood clots. It acts as an enzyme to convert plasminogen into its active form plasmin, the major enzyme responsible for clot breakdown. It is a serine protease ( EC 3.4.21.68) found on endothelial cells lining the ...
Plasminogen activators are serine proteases that catalyze the activation of plasmin via proteolytic cleavage of its zymogen form plasminogen. Plasmin is an important factor in fibrinolysis, the breakdown of fibrin polymers formed during blood clotting. There are two main plasminogen activators: urokinase (uPA) and tissue plasminogen activator ...
Alteplase, sold under the brand name Activase among others, is a biosynthetic form of human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). It is a thrombolytic medication used to treat acute ischemic stroke, acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (a type of heart attack), pulmonary embolism associated with low blood pressure, and blocked central venous catheter. [5]
A cerebroprotectant (formerly known as a neuroprotectant) is a drug that is intended to protect the brain after the onset of acute ischemic stroke. [1] As stroke is the second largest cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of adult disability, over 150 drugs have been tested in clinical trials to provide cerebroprotection.
Cerebral infarction, also known as an ischemic stroke, is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct). [ 1] In mid to high income countries, a stroke is the main reason for disability among people and the 2nd cause of death. [ 2]
Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is a serine protease occurring in animals including humans. Human-identical TPA (produced industrially by genetically recombinant microorganisms) has an established medical use in the treatment of ischemic stroke: by its proteolytic activity it enables the action of another enzyme (plasmin), which breaks down the protein (fibrin) of blood clots.
Obstructive shock is one of the four types of shock, caused by a physical obstruction in the flow of blood. [ 1] Obstruction can occur at the level of the great vessels or the heart itself. [ 2] Causes include pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade, and tension pneumothorax. [ 3] These are all life-threatening.
The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, or NIH Stroke Scale ( NIHSS ), is a tool used by healthcare providers to objectively quantify the impairment caused by a stroke and aid planning post-acute care disposition, though was intended to assess differences in interventions in clinical trials. The NIHSS was designed for the National ...