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In probability theory, the coupon collector's problem refers to mathematical analysis of "collect all coupons and win" contests. It asks the following question: if each box of a given product (e.g., breakfast cereals) contains a coupon, and there are n different types of coupons, what is the probability that more than t boxes need to be bought ...
Formula editor. A formula editor is a computer program that is used to typeset mathematical formulas and mathematical expressions . Formula editors typically serve two purposes: They allow word processing and publication of technical content either for print publication, or to generate raster images for web pages or screen presentations.
10 year minus 2 year treasury yield. In finance, the yield curve is a graph which depicts how the yields on debt instruments – such as bonds – vary as a function of their years remaining to maturity. [1] [2] Typically, the graph's horizontal or x-axis is a time line of months or years remaining to maturity, with the shortest maturity on the ...
Tensile testing, also known as tension testing, [1] is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure. Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area. [2]
The present value formula is the core formula for the time value of money; each of the other formulas is derived from this formula. For example, the annuity formula is the sum of a series of present value calculations. The present value (PV) formula has four variables, each of which can be solved for by numerical methods:
Merton model. The Merton model, [1] developed by Robert C. Merton in 1974, is a widely used "structural" credit risk model. Analysts and investors utilize the Merton model to understand how capable a company is at meeting financial obligations, servicing its debt, and weighing the general possibility that it will go into credit default. [2]
Fuzzy mathematics. Fuzzy mathematics is the branch of mathematics including fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic that deals with partial inclusion of elements in a set on a spectrum, as opposed to simple binary "yes" or "no" (0 or 1) inclusion. It started in 1965 after the publication of Lotfi Asker Zadeh 's seminal work Fuzzy sets. [1]
Divergence. In modern mathematics, the sum of an infinite series is defined to be the limit of the sequence of its partial sums, if it exists.The sequence of partial sums of Grandi's series is 1, 0, 1, 0, ..., which clearly does not approach any number (although it does have two accumulation points at 0 and 1).