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Visual impairment is the partial or total inability of visual perception, which may be caused by various conditions or problems in the eye or brain. Learn about the symptoms, complications, treatment, and prevalence of visual impairment, as well as the different categories and definitions used by WHO and other countries.
Congenital blindness is blindness present at birth, which can be inherited or acquired. Learn about the possible causes, signs and symptoms, and methods of screening and diagnosis for this condition.
Amblyopia, also called lazy eye, is a disorder of sight in which the brain fails to fully process input from one eye and over time favors the other eye. It results in decreased vision in an eye that typically appears normal in other aspects. Learn about the different types, causes, symptoms, and treatments of amblyopia.
Lea test is a series of vision tests for children who do not know how to read letters or numbers. It uses four symbols (apple, pentagon, square, circle) that are calibrated against the Landolt C optotype and can measure visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and other aspects of vision.
An eye examination is a series of tests performed to assess vision and ability to focus on and discern objects. It also includes other tests and examinations pertaining to the eyes, such as refraction, pupil function, ocular motility, visual fields, and ophthalmoscopy.
Orthoptics is a profession that diagnoses and treats eye movement and binocular vision disorders. Orthoptists work with patients of all ages and may also perform vision screening, low vision assessment, glaucoma management and other eye care tasks.
An eye chart is a chart used to measure visual acuity comprising lines of optotypes in ranges of sizes. Optotypes are the letters or symbols shown on an eye chart. Learn about the history, types, and procedure of eye charts.
The Worth 4 dot test is a clinical test for assessing binocular vision and eye alignment. It involves wearing red-green goggles and seeing four lights in a diamond formation, which can indicate normal or abnormal fusion, suppression, or diplopia.