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Statistics, when used in a misleading fashion, can trick the casual observer into believing something other than what the data shows. That is, a misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others, it is purposeful and for the gain of the perpetrator.
All models are wrong. All models are wrong is a common aphorism and anapodoton in statistics; it is often expanded as "All models are wrong, but some are useful". The aphorism acknowledges that statistical models always fall short of the complexities of reality but can still be useful nonetheless.
History of statistics. Statistics, in the modern sense of the word, began evolving in the 18th century in response to the novel needs of industrializing sovereign states . In early times, the meaning was restricted to information about states, particularly demographics such as population. This was later extended to include all collections of ...
Overconfidence effect, a tendency to have excessive confidence in one's own answers to questions. For example, for certain types of questions, answers that people rate as "99% certain" turn out to be wrong 40% of the time. [5] [43] [44] [45] Planning fallacy, the tendency for people to underestimate the time it will take them to complete a ...
Studies show that 75% of all stock market statistics are useless at best -- and dangerous at worst. Sifting through analysis can be tough for individual investors, and more information can be an ...
Counterfactual thinking is a concept in psychology that involves the human tendency to create possible alternatives to life events that have already occurred; something that is contrary to what actually happened. Counterfactual thinking is, as it states: "counter to the facts". [1] These thoughts consist of the "What if?"
In Denmark, scientific misconduct is defined as "intention [al] negligence leading to fabrication of the scientific message or a false credit or emphasis given to a scientist", and in Sweden as "intention [al] distortion of the research process by fabrication of data, text, hypothesis, or methods from another researcher's manuscript form or ...
Dewey Decimal. 031.02 22. LC Class. AG106 .S94 2004. Followed by. This Book ...of More Perfectly Useless Information. That Book ...of Perfectly Useless Information, commonly abbreviated as "That Book" (the title it was published under in Britain) is a book written by writer Mitchell Symons, and published in 2003.