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Certified Fraud Examiner. The Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE) is a credential awarded by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) since 1989. [ 1] The ACFE association is a provider of anti-fraud training and education. Founded in 1988 by Dr. Joseph T Wells.
The Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984 ( Pub. L. 98–473, S. 1762, 98 Stat. 1976, enacted October 12, 1984) was the first comprehensive revision of the U.S. criminal code since the early 1900s. It was sponsored by Strom Thurmond (R-SC) in the Senate and by Hamilton Fish IV (R-NY) in the House, and was eventually incorporated into an ...
The Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009, or FERA, Pub. L. 111–21 (text) (PDF), S. 386, 123 Stat. 1617, enacted May 20, 2009, is a public law in the United States enacted in 2009. The law enhanced criminal enforcement of federal fraud laws, especially regarding financial institutions, mortgage fraud, and securities fraud or commodities ...
Tertiary prevention is used after a crime has occurred in order to prevent successive incidents. Such measures can be seen in the implementation of new security policies following acts of terrorism such as the September 11, 2001 attacks. Situational crime prevention uses techniques focusing on reducing on the opportunity to commit a crime. Some ...
In microcap fraud, stocks of small companies of under $250 million market capitalization are deceptively promoted, then sold to an unwary public. This type of fraud has been estimated to cost investors $1–3 billion annually. [19] Microcap fraud includes pump and dump schemes involving boiler rooms and scams on the Internet.
Signed into law by President George W. Bush on December 16, 2003. The Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography And Marketing (CAN-SPAM) Act of 2003 is a law passed in 2003 establishing the United States ' first national standards for the sending of commercial e-mail. The law requires the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to enforce its ...
Criminology. Crime statistics refer to systematic, quantitative results about crime, as opposed to crime news or anecdotes. Notably, crime statistics can be the result of two rather different processes: official figures, such as published by the police, prosecution, courts, and prisons. However, in their research, criminologists often draw on ...
The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act is a landmark United States federal law, passed on October 22, 2009, [ 1] and signed into law by President Barack Obama on October 28, 2009, [ 2] as a rider to the National Defense Authorization Act for 2010 (H.R. 2647). Conceived as a response to the murders of Matthew Shepard ...