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Specialty. Immunology. Type I hypersensitivity (or immediate hypersensitivity ), in the Gell and Coombs classification of allergic reactions, is an allergic reaction provoked by re-exposure to a specific type of antigen referred to as an allergen. [ 1] Type I is distinct from type II, type III and type IV hypersensitivities.
Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). [ 1] Early symptoms of deficiency include weakness, fatigue, and sore arms and legs. [ 1][ 2] Without treatment, decreased red blood cells, gum disease, changes to hair, and bleeding from the skin may occur. [ 1][ 3] As scurvy worsens, there can be poor wound healing ...
Botulism is a rare and potentially fatal illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The disease begins with weakness, blurred vision, feeling tired, and trouble speaking. This may then be followed by weakness of the arms, chest muscles, and legs.
Frequency. ~6% (developed world) [ 1][ 2] A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food. The symptoms of the allergic reaction may range from mild to severe. They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure. This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of ...
Aflatoxin M 1 is present in the fermentation broth of Aspergillus parasiticus, but it and aflatoxin M 2 are also produced when an infected liver metabolizes aflatoxin B 1 and B 2. Aflatoxin B 1 and B 2 (AFB), produced by A. flavus and A. parasiticus; Aflatoxin G 1 and G 2 (AFG), produced by some Group II A. flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus [19]
Malabsorption is a state arising from abnormality in absorption of food nutrients across the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Impairment can be of single or multiple nutrients depending on the abnormality. This may lead to malnutrition and a variety of anaemias. [ 1]
e. Food microbiology is the study of the microorganisms that inhabit, create, or contaminate food. This includes the study of microorganisms causing food spoilage; pathogens that may cause disease (especially if food is improperly cooked or stored); microbes used to produce fermented foods such as cheese, yogurt, bread, beer, and wine; and ...
Pathophysiology (or physiopathology) is a branch of study, at the intersection of pathology and physiology, concerning disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with a disease or injury. Pathology is the medical discipline that describes conditions typically observed during a disease state, whereas ...