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HSAB theory. HSAB is an acronym for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases ". HSAB is widely used in chemistry for explaining the stability of compounds, reaction mechanisms and pathways. It assigns the terms 'hard' or 'soft', and 'acid' or 'base' to chemical species. 'Hard' applies to species which are small, have high charge states (the ...
Acids and bases. A Lewis acid (named for the American physical chemist Gilbert N. Lewis) is a chemical species that contains an empty orbital which is capable of accepting an electron pair from a Lewis base to form a Lewis adduct. A Lewis base, then, is any species that has a filled orbital containing an electron pair which is not involved in ...
A hard landing occurs when an aircraft or spacecraft hits the ground with a greater vertical speed and force than in a normal landing. The terms hard landing and firm landing are often mixed up though are inherently different. A hard landing is never intended and if an aircraft has had a hard landing, it must be inspected for damage before its ...
The massive forces fueling the economic expansion. A version of this post first appeared on TKer.co. Stocks closed lower last week with the S&P 500 shedding 1.1%. The index is now up 14.6% year to ...
Hard and soft science. Hard science and soft science are colloquial terms used to compare scientific fields on the basis of perceived methodological rigor, exactitude, and objectivity. [ 1][ 2][ 3] In general, the formal sciences and natural sciences are considered hard science, whereas the social sciences and other sciences are described as ...
Weak and strong sustainability are terms that have emerged from the field of environmental economics and describe opposing approaches to sustainability, specifically in relation to natural resource management and economic development. One of the first pieces of work to discuss these ideas was "Blueprint for a Green Economy" by Pearce, Markandya ...
A soft landing in the business cycle is the process of an economy shifting from growth to slow-growth to potentially flat, as it approaches but avoids a recession. It is usually caused by government attempts to slow down inflation. [ 1] The criteria for distinguishing between a hard and soft landing are numerous and subjective.
75 Hard vs. 75 Soft. Here is how the two challenges compare: 75 Hard Challenge rules. Do the following every day for 75 days: Pick a diet to follow, with no alcohol or cheat meals.