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Password cracking. In cryptanalysis and computer security, password cracking is the process of guessing passwords [ 1] protecting a computer system. A common approach ( brute-force attack) is to repeatedly try guesses for the password and to check them against an available cryptographic hash of the password. [ 2]
Replay attack. A replay attack (also known as a repeat attack or playback attack) is a form of network [ 1] attack in which valid data transmission is maliciously or fraudulently repeated or delayed. [ 1] This is carried out either by the originator or by an adversary who intercepts the data and re-transmits it, possibly as part of a spoofing ...
ROM hacking. ROM hacking (short for Read-only memory hacking) is the process of modifying a ROM image or ROM file of a video game to alter the game's graphics, dialogue, levels, gameplay, and/or other elements. This is usually done by technically inclined video game fans to improve an old game of importance, as a creative outlet, or to make new ...
Keygen. A key generator ( key-gen) is a computer program that generates a product licensing key, such as a serial number, necessary to activate for use of a software application. Keygens may be legitimately distributed by software manufacturers for licensing software in commercial environments where software has been licensed in bulk for an ...
Clipper chip. The Clipper chip was a chipset that was developed and promoted by the United States National Security Agency [1] (NSA) as an encryption device that secured "voice and data messages" [2] with a built-in backdoor that was intended to "allow Federal, State, and local law enforcement officials the ability to decode intercepted voice ...
PlayStation 3 homebrew. Homebrew software was first run on the PlayStation 3 by a group of hackers under the name "Team Ice" by exploiting a vulnerability in the game Resistance: Fall of Man. Following various other hacks executed from Linux, Sony removed the ability to install another operating system in the 3.21 firmware update.
The hacking group USDoD claimed it had allegedly stolen personal records of 2.9 billion people from National Public Data, according to a class-action lawsuit filed in U.S. District Court in Fort ...
Rolling code. A rolling code (or sometimes called a hopping code) is used in keyless entry systems to prevent a simple form of replay attack, where an eavesdropper records the transmission and replays it at a later time to cause the receiver to 'unlock'. Such systems are typical in garage door openers and keyless car entry systems.