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Target hardening, also referred to simply as hardening when made clear by the context, is a term used by police officers, those working in security, and the military referring to the strengthening of the security of a building or installation in order to protect it in the event of attack or reduce the risk of theft. [ 1][ 2] It is believed that ...
Natural surveillance and access control strategies limit the opportunity for crime. Territorial reinforcement promotes social control through a variety of measures. Image/maintenance and activity support provide the community with reassurance and the ability to inhibit crime by citizen activities. Target hardening strategies round up all of ...
Hostile architecture [a] is an urban-design strategy that uses elements of the built environment to purposefully guide behavior. It often targets people who use or rely on public space more than others, such as youth, poor people, and homeless people , by restricting the physical behaviours they can engage in. [ 1 ]
"There is nothing wrong with requiring clear backpacks and including it as a component of your school's target hardening initiative but, like any other deterrent program, if it is not properly ...
This hostile vehicle mitigation is a common form of target hardening and is designed to prevent a vehicle being rammed into the building or into people on the pavement next to the building. It also enforces a zone of protective stand-off from any explosive detonation location. Ideally a protective layer of HVM should surround the building or ...
Routine activity theory is a sub-field of crime opportunity theory that focuses on situations of crimes. It was first proposed by Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen in their explanation of crime rate changes in the United States between 1947 and 1974. [ 1] The theory has been extensively applied and has become one of the most cited theories in ...
The Nonprofit Security Grant Program (NSGP) is a grant program administered by FEMA under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) that provides funding for target hardening and physical security enhancements to non-profit organizations at high risk of terrorist attack. [ 1] The NSGP is one of eight DHS grant programs that ...
Whatever the target of terrorists, there are multiple ways of hardening the targets to prevent the terrorists from hitting their mark, or reducing the damage of attacks. One method is to place hostile vehicle mitigation to enforce protective standoff distance outside tall or politically sensitive buildings to prevent car bombings. Another way ...