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The phrase crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) was first used by C. Ray Jeffery, a criminologist from Florida State University. The phrase began to gain acceptance after the publication of his 1971 book of the same name. Jeffery's work was based on the precepts of experimental psychology represented in modern learning theory.
Tertiary prevention is used after a crime has occurred in order to prevent successive incidents. Such measures can be seen in the implementation of new security policies following acts of terrorism such as the September 11, 2001 attacks. Situational crime prevention uses techniques focusing on reducing on the opportunity to commit a crime. Some ...
The defensible space theory of architect and city planner Oscar Newman encompasses ideas about crime prevention and neighborhood safety. Newman argues that architectural and environmental design plays a crucial part in increasing or reducing criminality. [ 1] The theory developed in the early 1970s, and he wrote his first book on the topic ...
The NNSC’s strategies rely on partnerships between law enforcement, community leaders, and social service providers to harness the power of social norms as a tool for crime prevention. The partnership then communicates directly and repeatedly with those individuals, giving them a moral message from the community against violence, the legal ...
Research on the Ceasefire method has found a profound and so far invariant connection between serious violence and highly active criminal groups. [5] A typical city-level finding is that groups collectively representing under 0.5% of the city's population will be connected as offenders, victims or both, with between half and three quarters of all homicide in the city [9] —an example of the ...
Known for. Operation Ceasefire. David M. Kennedy (born 1958) is an American criminologist, professor, action researcher, and author specializing in crime prevention among inner city gangs, especially in the prevention of violent acts among street gangs. Kennedy developed the Operation Ceasefire group violence intervention in Boston in the 1990s ...
Rational choice theory (criminology) In criminology, rational choice theory adopts a utilitarian belief that humans are reasoning actors who weigh means and ends, costs and benefits, in order to make a rational choice. This method was designed by Cornish and Clarke to assist in thinking about situational crime prevention. [ 1]
Crime control. Crime control refers to methods taken to reduce crime in a society. Crime control standardizes police work. [ 1] Crime prevention is also widely implemented in some countries, through government police and, in many cases, private policing methods such as private security and home defense. However, the police or security ...