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Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser-assisted sub-epithelial keratectomy (or laser epithelial keratomileusis[1]) (LASEK) are laser eye surgery procedures intended to correct a person's vision, reducing dependency on glasses or contact lenses. LASEK and PRK permanently change the shape of the anterior central cornea using an excimer laser ...
Photic retinopathy is damage to the eye 's retina, particularly the macula, from prolonged exposure to solar radiation or other bright light, e.g., lasers or arc welders. The term includes solar, laser, and welder's retinopathy and is synonymous with retinal phototoxicity. [1] It usually occurs due to staring at the Sun, watching a solar ...
Optic neuropathy. Optic neuropathy is damage to the optic nerve from any cause. The optic nerve is a bundle of millions of fibers in the retina that sends visual signals to the brain. Damage and death of these nerve cells, or neurons, leads to characteristic features of optic neuropathy.
Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception. In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6] The terms low vision and blindness ...
8.7% global prevalence in 2020 [ 2 ] Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD or ARMD), is a medical condition which may result in blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field. [ 1 ] Early on there are often no symptoms. [ 1 ] Over time, however, some people experience a gradual worsening of vision ...
Myopia. Myopia, also known as near-sightedness and short-sightedness, [5] is an eye disease [6][7][8] where light from distant objects focuses in front of, instead of on, the retina. [1][2][7] As a result, distant objects appear blurry while close objects appear normal. [1]
Keratoconus (KC) is a disorder of the eye that results in progressive thinning of the cornea. [3] This may result in blurry vision, double vision, nearsightedness, irregular astigmatism, [4] and light sensitivity leading to poor quality-of-life. [3][5] Usually both eyes are affected. [3] In more severe cases a scarring or a circle may be seen ...
Photokeratitis or ultraviolet keratitis is a painful eye condition caused by exposure of insufficiently protected eyes to the ultraviolet (UV) rays from either natural (e.g. intense direct or reflected sunlight) or artificial (e.g. the electric arc during welding) sources. Photokeratitis is akin to a sunburn of the cornea and conjunctiva.