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Lonsdaleite(named in honour of Kathleen Lonsdale), also called hexagonal diamondin reference to the crystal structure, is an allotrope of carbonwith a hexagonal lattice, as opposed to the cubical lattice of conventional diamond. It is found in nature in meteoritedebris; when meteorscontaining graphitestrike the Earth, the immense heat and ...
The European Council (informally EUCO) is a collegiate body ( directorial system) that defines the overall political direction and priorities of the European Union. The European Council is part of the executive of the European Union (EU), beside the European Commission. It is composed of the heads of state or of government of the EU member ...
Material properties of diamond. Burns above 700 °C in air. Diamond is the allotrope of carbon in which the carbon atoms are arranged in the specific type of cubic lattice called diamond cubic. It is a crystal that is transparent to opaque and which is generally isotropic (no or very weak birefringence ).
Diamond is the hardest known material to date, with a Vickers hardness in the range of 70–150 GPa. Diamond demonstrates both high thermal conductivity and electrically insulating properties, and much attention has been put into finding practical applications of this material. However, diamond has several limitations for mass industrial ...
Diamond-like carbon ( DLC) is a class of amorphous carbon material that displays some of the typical properties of diamond. DLC is usually applied as coatings to other materials that could benefit from such properties. [1] DLC exists in seven different forms. [2] All seven contain significant amounts of sp 3 hybridized carbon atoms.
Synthetic diamond. Lab-grown diamonds of various colors grown by the high-pressure-and-temperature technique. Laboratory-grown ( LGD ), also called lab-grown diamond, [1] laboratory-created, man-made, artisan-created, artificial, synthetic, or cultured diamond, is diamond that is produced in a controlled technological process (in contrast to ...
A 1951 USAF resolution test chart is a microscopic optical resolution test device originally defined by the U.S. Air Force MIL-STD-150A standard of 1951. The design provides numerous small target shapes exhibiting a stepped assortment of precise spatial frequency specimens. It is widely used in optical engineering laboratory work to analyze and ...
In crystallography, the diamond cubic crystal structure is a repeating pattern of 8 atoms that certain materials may adopt as they solidify. While the first known example was diamond , other elements in group 14 also adopt this structure, including α-tin , the semiconductors silicon and germanium , and silicon–germanium alloys in any proportion.