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Grandi's series. In mathematics, the infinite series 1 − 1 + 1 − 1 + ⋯, also written. is sometimes called Grandi's series, after Italian mathematician, philosopher, and priest Guido Grandi, who gave a memorable treatment of the series in 1703. It is a divergent series, meaning that it does not have a sum. However, it can be manipulated to ...
For example, identities like = = and = =! hold for x = 0 only if 0 0 = 1. In order for the polynomial x 0 to define a continuous function R → R, one must define 0 0 = 1. In calculus, the power rule = is valid for n = 1 at x = 0 only if 0 0 = 1. Continuous exponents Plot of z = x y. The red curves (with z constant) yield different limits as (x ...
Division by zero. The reciprocal function y = 1 x. As x approaches zero from the right, y tends to positive infinity. As x approaches zero from the left, y tends to negative infinity. In mathematics, division by zero, division where the divisor (denominator) is zero, is a unique and problematic special case. Using fraction notation, the general ...
for every r = 1, 2, ..., m. The values x r = x 1, x 2, ..., x m are distinct numbers in the interval 0 < x r < π / 2. Since the function cot 2 x is one-to-one on this interval, the numbers t r = cot 2 x r are distinct for r = 1, 2, ..., m. By the above equation, these m numbers are the roots of the m th degree polynomial
The graph forms a rectangular hyperbola. In mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/ x or x−1, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1. The multiplicative inverse of a fraction a / b is b / a. For the multiplicative inverse of a real number, divide 1 by the number.
A power of two is a number of the form 2n where n is an integer, that is, the result of exponentiation with number two as the base and integer n as the exponent . Powers of two with non-negative exponents are integers: 20 = 1, 21 = 2, and 2n is two multiplied by itself n times. [1] [2] The first ten powers of 2 for non-negative values of n are:
Calculus. In mathematics, the harmonic series is the infinite series formed by summing all positive unit fractions : The first terms of the series sum to approximately , where is the natural logarithm and is the Euler–Mascheroni constant. Because the logarithm has arbitrarily large values, the harmonic series does not have a finite limit: it ...
In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a point object (an object so small that its mass can be assumed to exist at one point), or a non-rotating rigid body depends on the mass of the body as well as its speed. The kinetic energy is equal to 1/2 the product of the mass and the square of the speed.