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A power supply unit ( PSU) converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a desktop computer. Modern personal computers universally use switched-mode power supplies. Some power supplies have a manual switch for selecting input voltage, while others automatically adapt to the main voltage.
A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical load. The main purpose of a power supply is to convert electric current from a source to the correct voltage, current, and frequency to power the load. As a result, power supplies are sometimes referred to as electric power converters.
A large data-center-scale UPS being installed by electricians. An uninterruptible power supply ( UPS) or uninterruptible power source is a type of continual power system that provides automated backup electric power to a load when the input power source or mains power fails. A UPS differs from a traditional auxiliary / emergency power system or ...
In contrast, a linear power supply regulates the output voltage by continually dissipating power in the pass transistor. The switched-mode power supply's higher electrical efficiency is an important advantage. Switched-mode power supplies can also be substantially smaller and lighter than a linear supply because the transformer can be much smaller.
The computer case holds the motherboard, fixed or removable disk drives for data storage, the power supply, and may contain other peripheral devices such as modems or network interfaces. Some models of desktop computers integrated the monitor and keyboard into the same case as the processor and power supply.
An ATX motherboard. Comparison of some common motherboard form factors (pen for scale) ATX ( Advanced Technology Extended) is a motherboard and power supply configuration specification, patented by David Dent in 1995 at Intel, [1] to improve on previous de facto standards like the AT design. It was the first major change in desktop computer ...
AC adapter. A "wall-wart" type AC adapter for a household game console. The output has a barrel connector. "Power brick" in-line configuration, with detachable AC cord and NEMA 1-15 plug. An AC adapter or AC/DC adapter (also called a wall charger, power adapter, power brick, or wall wart) [1] is a type of external power supply, often enclosed ...
The ATX specification defines the Power-Good signal as a +5-volt (V) signal generated in the power supply when it has passed its internal self-tests and the outputs have stabilized. This normally takes between 0.1 and 0.5 seconds after the power supply is switched on. The signal is then sent to the motherboard, where it is received by the ...
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