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On June 30, 1999, Procter & Gamble announced that it would limit its animal testing practices to its food and drug products which represented less than 20% of its product portfolio. [99] The company invested more than $275 million in the development of alternative testing methods.
Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug. [7] After its discovery in 1975, [8] its first uses were in veterinary medicine to prevent and treat heartworm and acariasis. [9] Approved for human use in 1987, [10] it is used to treat infestations including head lice, scabies, river blindness (onchocerciasis), strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, ascariasis and lymphatic filariasis.
Varenicline, sold under the brand names Chantix and Champix among others, is a medication used for smoking cessation [ 5][ 7] and for the treatment of dry eye disease. [ 6][ 8] It is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist. [ 5][ 6] When activated, this receptor releases dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, the brain's reward center ...
The unit of measurement used by the OECD is defined daily dose (DDD), defined as "the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used on its main indication in adults". [ 2] The sources used by the OECD are primarily national health authorities. [ 2] Definitions, sources and methodology per country is explained further in a document ...
Escitalopram. Escitalopram, sold under the brand names Lexapro and Cipralex, among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. [ 7] Escitalopram is mainly used to treat major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. [ 7] It is taken by mouth, [ 7] available commercially as an oxalate ...
Federal and state governments, insurance companies and other large medical institutions are heavily promoting the adoption of electronic health records.The US Congress included a formula of both incentives (up to $44,000 per physician under Medicare, or up to $65,000 over six years under Medicaid) and penalties (i.e. decreased Medicare and Medicaid reimbursements to doctors who fail to use ...
The atypical antipsychotics (AAP), also known as second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and serotonin–dopamine antagonists (SDAs), [1] [2] are a group of antipsychotic drugs (antipsychotic drugs in general are also known as tranquilizers and neuroleptics, although the latter is usually reserved for the typical antipsychotics) largely introduced after the 1970s and used to treat psychiatric ...
Sildenafil's brand name, Viagra, is widely recognized in popular culture, and the drug's association with treating erectile dysfunction has led to its recreational use. [33] The reasons behind such use include the belief that the drug increases libido, improves sexual performance, [33] or permanently increases penis size. [34]