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The value of the line integral is the sum of values of the field at all points on the curve, weighted by some scalar function on the curve (commonly arc length or, for a vector field, the scalar product of the vector field with a differential vector in the curve). This weighting distinguishes the line integral from simpler integrals defined on ...
The Cauchy's integral theorem states that if is a simply connected open subset of the complex plane, and : is a holomorphic function, then has an antiderivative on , and the value of every line integral in with integrand depends only on the end points and of the path, and can be computed as () ().
Leonhard Euler (/ ˈ ɔɪ l ər / OY-lər, [b] German: [ˈleːɔnhaʁt ˈʔɔʏlɐ] ⓘ, Swiss Standard German: [ˈleːɔnhart ˈɔʏlər]; 15 April 1707 – 18 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, logician, and engineer who founded the studies of graph theory and topology and made pioneering and influential discoveries in many other branches of ...
Calculus. The gradient theorem, also known as the fundamental theorem of calculus for line integrals, says that a line integral through a gradient field can be evaluated by evaluating the original scalar field at the endpoints of the curve. The theorem is a generalization of the second fundamental theorem of calculus to any curve in a plane or ...
Image of the Large Magellanic Cloud, one of the nearest galaxies to our Milky Way, created with LIC. In scientific visualization, line integral convolution ( LIC) is a method to visualize a vector field (such as fluid motion) at high spatial resolutions. [1] The LIC technique was first proposed by Brian Cabral and Leith Casey Leedom in 1993.
Complex analysis. In complex analysis, the residue theorem, sometimes called Cauchy's residue theorem, is a powerful tool to evaluate line integrals of analytic functions over closed curves; it can often be used to compute real integrals and infinite series as well. It generalizes the Cauchy integral theorem and Cauchy's integral formula.
Morera's theorem states that a continuous, complex -valued function f defined on an open set D in the complex plane that satisfies for every closed piecewise C1 curve in D must be holomorphic on D . The assumption of Morera's theorem is equivalent to f locally having an antiderivative on D . The converse of the theorem is not true in general.
The classical Stokes' theorem relates the surface integral of the curl of a vector field over a surface in Euclidean three-space to the line integral of the vector field over its boundary. It is a special case of the general Stokes theorem (with n = 2 {\displaystyle n=2} ) once we identify a vector field with a 1-form using the metric on ...