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A single concrete block, as used for construction. Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, [ 1] and is the most widely used building material. [ 2] Its usage worldwide, ton for ton, is twice ...
The water–cement ratio ( w/c ratio, or water-to-cement ratio, sometimes also called the Water-Cement Factor, f) is the ratio of the mass of water ( w) to the mass of cement ( c) used in a concrete mix: The typical values of this ratio f = w⁄c are generally comprised in the interval 0.40 and 0.60. The water-cement ratio of the fresh concrete ...
The parts are in terms of weight – not volume. For example, 1-cubic-foot (0.028 m 3) of concrete would be made using 22 lb (10.0 kg) cement, 10 lb (4.5 kg) water, 41 lb (19 kg) dry sand, 70 lb (32 kg) dry stone (1/2" to 3/4" stone). This would make 1-cubic-foot (0.028 m 3) of concrete and would weigh about 143 lb (65 kg). The sand should be ...
The ultimate strength of concrete is influenced by the water-cementitious ratio (w/cm), the design constituents, and the mixing, placement and curing methods employed. All things being equal, concrete with a lower water-cement (cementitious) ratio makes a stronger concrete than that with a higher ratio. [2]
It can shrink 1 ⁄ 16 inch (1.6 mm) over a 10-foot long area (3.05 meters). This causes stress internally on the concrete and must be accounted for by the engineers and finishers placing the concrete, and may require the use of steel reinforcement or pre-stressed concrete elements where this is critical.
0.75 m³ (1 cubic yard) cart-away mixing trailer. A variant of standard concrete transportation is the concrete (or, cement) mixing trailer. These small versions of transit-mix trucks are used to supply short loads of concrete. They have a concrete mixing drum with a capacity of between 0.76 and 1.34 cubic metres (1 and 1.75 cu yd).
[9] [10] The amount of fibers added to a concrete mix is expressed as a percentage of the total volume of the composite (concrete and fibers), termed "volume fraction" (V f). V f typically ranges from 0.1 to 3%. The aspect ratio (l/d) is calculated by dividing fiber length (l) by its diameter (d).
Self-consolidating concrete or self-compacting concrete (SCC) [1] is a concrete mix which has a low yield stress, high deformability, good segregation resistance (prevents separation of particles in the mix), and moderate viscosity (necessary to ensure uniform suspension of solid particles during transportation, placement (without external compaction), and thereafter until the concrete sets).
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