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Diabetic retinopathy. Often asymptomatic, but can cause spots in the eye and vision loss. Diabetic retinopathy (also known as diabetic eye disease), is a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina due to diabetes. It is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries. Diabetic retinopathy affects up to 80 percent of those who ...
The optic nerve is a bundle of millions of fibers in the retina that sends visual signals to the brain. Damage and death of these nerve cells, or neurons, leads to characteristic features of optic neuropathy. The main symptom is loss of vision, with colors appearing subtly washed out in the affected eye.
Retinopathy, or retinal vascular disease, can be broadly categorized into proliferative and non-proliferative types. Frequently, retinopathy is an ocular manifestation of systemic disease as seen in diabetes or hypertension. [3] Diabetes is the most common cause of retinopathy in the U.S. as of 2008. [4] Diabetic retinopathy is the leading ...
Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception. In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6] The terms low vision and blindness ...
It most commonly occurs in people over the age of fifty and in the United States is the most common cause of vision loss in this age group. [1] [3] About 0.4% of people between 50 and 60 have the disease, while it occurs in 0.7% of people 60 to 70, 2.3% of those 70 to 80, and nearly 12% of people over 80 years old. [3]
Type 1 diabetes (T1D), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that originates when cells that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed by the immune system. [ 5 ] Insulin is a hormone required for the cells to use blood sugar for energy and it helps regulate glucose levels in the bloodstream. [ 6 ]
Scotopic vision. In the study of visual perception, scotopic vision (or scotopia) is the vision of the eye under low- light conditions. [ 1 ] The term comes from the Greek skotos, meaning 'darkness', and -opia, meaning 'a condition of sight'. [ 2 ] In the human eye, cone cells are nonfunctional in low visible light.
Good glycemic control, in the sense of a "target" for treatment, has become an important goal of diabetes care, although recent research suggests that the complications of diabetes may be caused by genetic factors [15] [16] or, in type 1 diabetics, by the continuing effects of the autoimmune disease which first caused the pancreas to lose its ...