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Childbirth, also known as labour, parturition and delivery, is the completion of pregnancy where one or more babies exits the internal environment of the mother via vaginal delivery or caesarean section. [ 7] In 2019, there were about 140.11 million human births globally. [ 9] In the developed countries, most deliveries occur in hospitals, [ 10 ...
Childbirth, referred to as labor and delivery in the medical field, is the process whereby an infant is born. [ 59 ] A woman is considered to be in labor when she begins experiencing regular uterine contractions, accompanied by changes of her cervix—primarily effacement and dilation.
Uterine contraction. Uterine contractions are muscle contractions of the uterine smooth muscle that can occur at various intensities in both the non-pregnant and pregnant uterine state. The non-pregnant uterus undergoes small, spontaneous contractions in addition to stronger, coordinated contractions during the menstrual cycle and orgasm.
An induced vaginal delivery is a delivery involving labor induction, where drugs or manual techniques are used to initiate labor. [11] Vaginal delivery can be either spontaneous or induced. An assisted vaginal delivery (AVD) or instrumental vaginal delivery occurs when a pregnant woman requires the use of special instruments such as forceps or ...
Childbirth positions (or maternal birthing positions) [1] are the physical postures that the pregnant mother may assume during the process of childbirth. They may also be referred to as delivery positions or labor positions . In addition to the lithotomy position (on back with feet pulled up), still commonly used by many obstetricians, other ...
These are normal physiological adaptations that cause changes in behavior, the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, metabolism including increases in blood sugar levels, kidney function, posture, and breathing. During pregnancy numerous hormones and proteins are secreted that also have a broad range of effects.
Rupture of membranes ( ROM) or amniorrhexis is a term used during pregnancy to describe a rupture of the amniotic sac. [1] Normally, it occurs spontaneously at full term either during or at the beginning of labor. Rupture of the membranes is known colloquially as " breaking (one's) water ," especially when induced rather than spontaneous, or as ...
Specialty. obstetrician. [ edit on Wikidata] Pain management during childbirth is the partial treatment and a way of reducing any pain that a woman may experience during labor and delivery. The amount of pain a woman feels during labor depends partly on the size and position of her baby, the size of her pelvis, her emotions, the strength of the ...